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Key Concepts

Blockchain Performance Concepts

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1. buffer bc writes async
2. minimize write size
3. transaction aggregation
   block multiple transactions and hashes into single transactions using external index to find the block.transaction id to get the hash for proof
   1. create external index to individual transactions as async process ( not good for real-time confirmations )
4. leverage off-chain and world state databases for transaction updates and reads vs blockchain reads
5. push transaction data to encrypted, compressed blobs with NUK key sets, hash the blob & key sets, write hash and (optional) key sets to a block
6. use ZK rollups on off-chain transactions for data privacy, minimize data on-chain with rollup hashes, NUKs in hashed blocks with indexes of transaction keys to blocks for fast reads
7. consider transaction, block proof design that rolls up to the next level ( proof of proofs )
   1. anonymous state pinning article is another approach with advantages on information hiding
8. sharding for parallel processing
9. horizontal scale
10. minimize validator needs for transaction consensus
11. use ISSMR models to transmit on blockchain network vs simple leader to all propagation
12. vertical scale with more powerful nodes
13. minimize nodes needed
    1. use logical members layer vs physical nodes to add orgs, accounts
    2. id the right block validation model to fit the use case driving the minimum node network design
14. upsize cluster
15. create logical acid transaction with confirmation prior to write completion - optimistic write w auto retry if failed - separates commit vs finalization
16. use off-chain data to answer most queries
17. use centralized network where the use case fits
18. use logical shards for the blockchain where it fits
19. use caching where it helps

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