Key Points

1. Needs p2p DER trading system like NSF
2. short schedule - lot of work to deliver by 2/2/20
3. complex requirements for approver logic ( workflow, tables, services, added UI screens )
4. need trading dashboard with tabs for offers, bids on the left, matched trades on the right
5. manual trading in MVP, automated trading not needed until production solution
6. an acre of good forest can offset 2.5 tons of carbon per year
   carbon-offsets-urbanforestrynetwork-Trees Improve Our Air Quality.pdf
   

References

EBC Project Overview 

Industry, Project Name, Organization Name, Description and scope.

Energy Blockchain Consortium

Industry: energy management

Project: EBC - energy management

Peer to Peer energy trading app MVP

• clients can bid, offer and trade energy from residential solar systems over Grid network
• modern trade desk shows bid, offers dynamically to track current market trends visually, manage bids, offers, accept trades
• on ReactJS, NodeJS microservices, Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain and MongoDB

Retail Carbon Management app MVP

• Certified carbon offset provider projects can register on the platform to sell carbon offsets
• Buyers can be retail consumers or businesses trying to offset their carbon footprint
• Carbon calculator and profile show accounts what their net carbon profile is 
• Online e-commerce app allows purchasing carbon offsets and other products using payment provider services ( Stripe etc )
• Site designed for multi-currency, testimonials, FAQS, customer blogs
• Integrates Wordpress and plugins as a "headless CMS"
• on ReactJS, NodeJS microservices, Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain, MongoDB and Swift for iPhone

Dev Trading app

https://ebc-dev.sysopsnetwork.com/trade

Fabric Environment v2.2 

https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/

Fabric Node SDK docs

https://hyperledger.github.io/fabric-sdk-node/release-2.2/module-fabric-network.html

Environments 

EBC github

Git vs Github Desktop

EBC DEV environment sites

EBC QA environment sites

EBC One_app demo now

Check Mongo in DEV 

accounts

{"userName": {$in: ["jeff","jody","tim","jim"]}}

jobQ 

{ "createdAt": {$gte: ISODate('04-12-2021')}}

Check API server in dev

https://ebc-api-dev.sysopsnetwork.com

Check Fabric in dev 

couchdb
http://3.21.101.182:5984/_utils/
admin / adminpw

explorer
http://3.21.101.182:8080/#/

exploreradmin
exploreradminpw

Load, run One_app front-end code locally from one_app branch

old EBC MVP running in dev, qa 

To run current one_app:

download latest one_app from github in ebc-frontend folder 

npm install 

npm start 

in Chrome: 
http://localhost:3000/device

old dev frontend

https://ebc-dev.sysopsnetwork.com/trade

Key Concepts

EBC Retail P2P Energy Trading Market

Use Case Concept Diagram

Architecture Concept Diagram

Test case:

model a CreateOffer transaction flow from the user browser to completion

High level Flow

Steps

1. After login, user on the Web browser goes to the trades menu, offers list and selects Add Offers
2. trade API server executes offers.create 
3. the new offer is written to Mongo
4. the new offer is added to the Job Queue 
5. The chain API server reads the new offer request and sends it to Fabric contract using the SDK
6. The Fabric GO smart contract writes the new offer to the ledger and CouchDB

Detail transaction flow

1> User on the trades menu, selects Add Offer action

2> Front-end Web app invokes createOffer request on trade API server

Offers.js

export const callAddOffersApi = (data) => {

    return (_dispatch, _getState) => {

        return fetchClient.post(`${constants.API.OFFERS.OFFERS}`,

            data ...

3> trade API server executes offers.create.before which writes new offer to Mongo

offers.hooks.js

    create: [

      async context => { 

        context.data.status = 'open';

        await context.app.service('accounts').patch({_id: context.params.account._id }

4> trade API server executes offers.create.after which adds the new offer to the Job Queue 

offers.hooks.js

    create: [

      async (context) => {

        await context.app.service('transactions').create(...  status: 'created' });

        let bc = await context.app.get('blockchain');

        await axios.get(bc.url + '/offers/create/' + context.result._id

5> trade API server returns success status to Front-end Web app

offers.hooks.js

     feathers returns status to requestor client

6> Front-end Web app returns success message to User 

AddOffers.js 

      .callAddOffersApiAction({ ...initialValues })

      .then((res) => {

        setIsFlag(true);

        CustomerNotification(

          "success",

          "Offer Added Successfully",

7> chain API server reads jobQ offer, sends to Fabric contract which writes offer to ledger, CouchDB

processOffer.js 

  let jobs = await ctx.model('jobQueue').find({'jobName': 'CreateOffer', 'status': 'created'}).sort({'createdAt': 1});

  await Utils.AsyncForEach(jobs, async (x) => {

    try {

      await ctx.model('jobQueue').updateOne({_id: x._id}, {status: 'inProgress'});

      let entry = await ctx.model('offers').find({'_id': x.entryId});

...

      const contract = network.getContract('energy');

      let trans = await 

      contract.submitTransaction('CreateOffer' ...

8> Fabric server smart contract writes offer to ledger, CouchDB

chaincode.go

func (s *SmartContract) CreateOffer(ctx contractapi.TransactionContextInterface, offerid string, accountid string, deviceid string, offerKWH int, rate float64, startTS string, endTS string, status string) (string, error) {

exists, err := s.OfferExists(ctx, offerid)

...

TXID := ctx.GetStub().GetTxID()

ctx.GetStub().PutState(offerid, offerJSON)

return TXID, nil

9> chain API server gets transaction ID, updates offer in Mongo

processOffer.js 

      await ctx.model('offers').updateOne({ '_id': x.entryId }, { lastTransactionTxId: trans.toString() });

      await ctx.model('jobQueue').updateOne({_id: x._id}, { status: 'done' });

      jobs = await ctx.model('jobQueue').find({'jobName': 'CreateOffer', 'status': 'created'}).sort({'createdAt': 1});

Tiers and Layers Diagram

• Tiers
  • N Tier architecture may have an external client tier, multiple service tiers ( representing a complex business services network -  Access, Presentation, Services ) and multiple resource tiers ( database, media, messages etc ) as an extension of the basic 3 Tier architecture
  • clear separation of roles and responsibilities on a VCN
• Layers
  • Modern architecture separates responsibilities into distinct layers where possible. This concept builds on the old OSI comm layer model. With layers, you get
  • clean separation of responsibilities and roles for management and governance
  • ability to reuse existing services or invoke new services speeding development, delivery and improved modularity

A sample Tiers and Layers diagram from edudba.com

for more see:  https://www.educba.com/logical-architecture/

Grids partner with Solar Companies to offer no-cost solar installs

DER, VPP glossary

kva
https://www.generatorsource.com/Generator_Faq.aspx

The primary difference between kW (kilowatt) and kVA (kilovolt-ampere) is the power factor. kW is the unit of real power and kVA is a unit of apparent power (or real power plus re-active power).

inverter
A power inverter, or inverter, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current to alternating current.

power meter
https://www.hbm.com/en/9206/what-is-a-power-meter/#:~:text=A%20Power%20Meter%20is%20one,the%20most%20important%20power%20results.

A Power Meter is one of the most useful and simple instruments to measure electrical power when no deeper analysis of the measured data is required. It measures the voltage (V) and current (A) and derives from these the most important power results.

smart power meter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_meter#:~:text=A%20smart%20meter%20is%20an,system%20monitoring%20and%20customer%20billing.

A smart meter is an electronic device that records information such as consumption of electric energy, voltage levels, current, and power factor. Smart meters communicate the information to the consumer for greater clarity of consumption behavior, and electricity suppliers for system monitoring and customer billing

smart ems
https://www.bluesky-energy.eu/en/2018/09/12/smart-ems-energy-management-system/#:~:text=EMS%20stands%20for%20an%20intelligent,generate%20your%20own%20solar%20power%3F

DER, VPP
https://www.next-kraftwerke.com/knowledge/derms#:~:text=A%20distributed%20energy%20resources%20management,distributed%20energy%20resources%20(DER).

A distributed energy resources management system (DERMS) is a platform which helps mostly distribution system operators (DSO) manage their grids that are mainly based on distributed energy resources (DER). By lack of a common definition, a DERMS thus – depending on your point of view – is something similar or even identical with a Virtual Power Plant (VPP).

On some key aspects, people seem to agree:

DERMS is a software platform that is used to organize the operation of the aggregated DER within a power grid.

The usual DERMS application is found at the distribution grid level. DERMS typically require a more full-fledged integration of various other systems such as a distribution management system (DSM) for integrating it with a utility. Furthermore, an outage management system (OMS) or a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system is usually needed to provide all DERMS functionality.

DERMS provide grid services that especially focus on the location of each aggregated asset. Objectives of a DERMS are:

• Voltage management of the grid
• Optimization of the power flow within the grid
• Local grid load management (e.g. for smart grid projects)

VPPs on the other hand are responsible for active optimizations and control of power production and consumption. The location of the aggregated doesn’t play an important role. The main purposes of a VPP are:

• Grid frequency stabilization
• Energy trading
• Portfolio management
• Peak load/demand management

solar power controller
https://www.altestore.com/store/info/solar-charge-controller/

A solar charge controller manages the power going into the battery bank from the solar array. It ensures that the deep cycle batteries are not overcharged during the day, and that the power doesn't run backwards to the solar panels overnight and drain the batteries.

REC - renewable energy credits

https://www.energysage.com/other-clean-options/renewable-energy-credits-recs/#:~:text=Renewable%20energy%20certificates%20(also%20known,energy%20attributes%20of%20renewable%20electricity.

Renewable energy certificates (also known as renewable energy credits, or RECs) represent the energy generated by renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind power facilities. Buying RECs is not equivalent to buying electricity. Instead, RECs represent the clean energy attributes of renewable electricity.

NE Pool for trading RECs

https://www.nepoolgis.com/

The New England Power Pool Generation Information System (NEPOOL GIS) issues and tracks certificates for all MWh of generation and load produced in the ISO New England control area, as well as imported MWh from adjacent control areas. In addition to the generation, the NEPOOL GIS provides emissions labeling for the New England load-serving entities by tracking the emissions attributes for generators in the region. In recent years the NEPOOL GIS has adapted to the various state RPS laws to track combined heat and power, demand response and conservation and load management certificates.

https://www.nepoolgis.com/public-reports/

https://www1.nepoolgis.com/myModule/rpt/ssrs.asp?rn=102&r=%2FPROD%2FNEPOOLGIS%2FPublic%2FNEPOOL_BulletinBoard&registryUrl=true&apxReportTitle=Bulletin%20Board

https://www1.nepoolgis.com/mymodule/rpt/CertificateInfo.asp?rhid=2160732&ftType=H2O

Carbon Credits 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_credit

A carbon credit is a generic term for any tradable certificate or permit representing the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide or the equivalent amount of a different greenhouse gas (tCO₂e).^[1][2][3]

Carbon credits and carbon markets are a component of national and international attempts to mitigate the growth in concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs). One carbon credit is equal to one tonne of carbon dioxide, or in some markets, carbon dioxide equivalent gases. Carbon trading is an application of an emissions trading approach. Greenhouse gas emissions are capped and then markets are used to allocate the emissions among the group of regulated sources.

The goal is to allow market mechanisms to drive industrial and commercial processes in the direction of low emissions or less carbon intensive approaches than those used when there is no cost to emitting carbon dioxide and other GHGs into the atmosphere. Since GHG mitigation projects generate credits, this approach can be used to finance carbon reduction schemes between trading partners and around the world.

There are also many companies that sell carbon credits to commercial and individual customers who are interested in lowering their carbon footprint on a voluntary basis. These carbon offsetters purchase the credits from an investment fund or a carbon development company that has aggregated the credits from individual projects. Buyers and sellers can also use an exchange platform to trade, which is like a stock exchange for carbon credits. The quality of the credits is based in part on the validation process and sophistication of the fund or development company that acted as the sponsor to the carbon project. This is reflected in their price; voluntary units typically have less value than the units sold through the rigorously validated Clean Development Mechanism.^[4] The European Union's carbon credits traded from $7.78 to $25.19 averaging $16.21 per tonne in 2018.^[5] Although it remains in development, it is anticipated that the value and trading of carbon credits will continue to grow particularly as several governments have committed to "green recoveries" following the COVID-19 pandemic recession.^[6]

Carbon Offsets

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset

A carbon offset is a reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for emissions made elsewhere.^[1][2][3] Offsets are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO₂e). One tonne of carbon offset represents the reduction of one tonne of carbon dioxide or its equivalent in other greenhouse gases.

There are two types of markets for carbon offsets, compliance and voluntary. In compliance market like the European Union (EU) Emission Trading Scheme companies, governments, or other entities buy carbon offsets in order to comply with mandatory and legally binding caps on the total amount of carbon dioxide they are allowed to emit per year. Failure to comply with these mandatory caps within compliance markets results in fines or legal penalty. According to the World Bank State and Trends 2020 Report 61 carbon pricing initiatives are in place or are scheduled for implementation globally. These include both emission trading schemes (like cap-and-trade systems) as well as carbon taxes and, while these initiatives represent markets for carbon, not all incorporate provisions for carbon offsets, instead placing greater emphasis on achieving emission reductions within the operations of regulated entities. The original compliance carbon market was initiated by the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Signatories to the Kyoto Protocol agreed to mandatory emission reduction targets, enabled (in part) by carbon offset purchases by higher-income countries from low- and middle-income countries, facilitated by the CDM. The Kyoto Protocol was to expire in 2020, to be superseded by the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement determinations regarding the role of carbon offsets are still being determined through international negotiation specifying the "Article 6" language.^[4] Compliance markets for carbon offsets comprise both international carbon markets developed through the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, and domestic carbon pricing initiatives that incorporate carbon offset mechanisms.

With the increase of population, more specifically urban population due to densification, there is more of a demand for carbon offset.^[5] Within the voluntary market, demand for carbon offset credits is generated by individuals, companies, organizations, and sub-national governments who purchase carbon offsets to mitigate their greenhouse gas emissions to meet carbon neutral, net-zero or other established emission reduction goals. The voluntary carbon market is facilitated by certification programs (e.g., the Verified Carbon Standard, the Gold Standard, and the Climate Action Reserve) which provide standards, guidance, and establish requirements for project developers to follow in order to generate carbon offset credits. These programs generate carbon offset credits provided that an emission reduction activity meets all program requirements, applies an approved project protocol (also called a methodology), and successfully passes third party review (also called verification). Once carbon offset credits are generated, any buyer may purchase them; for example an individual may purchase carbon offsets to compensate for the emissions resulting from air-travel (see more on Air-travel and Climate).

EPA REC concepts 

https://www.epa.gov/repowertoolbox/state-solar-renewable-energy-certificate-markets

State Solar Energy Renewable Certificate Markets

A renewable energy certificate (REC) is a market-based instrument that represents the property rights to the environmental, social, and other non-power attributes of renewable electricity generation. Solar RECs (SRECs) are created for each megawatt-hour of electricity generated from solar energy systems. The ultimate owner of the SREC owns the "solar-ness" of the power.

Many states create SREC markets to spur the development of solar by requiring electricity suppliers to purchase SRECs produced by in-state solar systems as part of their obligation under the state’s Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS). This solar-specific requirement to meet a portion of the RPS with solar resources is often referred to as a “solar carve out.” Through the purchase of the SRECs, electricity suppliers are ensuring that their products meet the RPS-mandated amount of solar power. The monetary value of an SREC in these state markets is determined by supply and demand, with demand largely driven by electricity suppliers needing to meet their solar RPS requirement or pay a compliance premium.

Homeowners and businesses hosting solar systems in states with SREC markets are able to reduce their costs of electricity by selling the SRECs associated with their systems’ output into the SREC market, for ultimate use by utilities. However, by doing so, homeowners and businesses preclude themselves from making solar power “use” claims or claims on reducing their carbon footprint. For more on claims, visit the Solar Power Use Claims Guidance webpage.

Below are resources to help you understand how state SREC markets work, which states have SREC markets, and how SRECs may impact your project development.

The following links exit the site EXIT

Map of State Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) with Solar or Distributed Generation Provisions (PDF) (1 pg, 116K)The Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE), operated by the N.C. Clean Energy Technology Center, is the most comprehensive source of information on incentives and policies that support renewable energy and energy efficiency programs in the United States. DSIRE provides state-specific information on RPSs with solar carve outs or provisions.Database of State SREC ProgramsDSIRE, operated by the N.C. Clean Energy Technology Center, is the most comprehensive source of information on incentives and policies that support renewable energy and energy efficiency programs in the United States. This table provides details on state-specific SREC programs, including which type of entities are eligible for the program, what size and type of solar systems are eligible, and information on the financial incentive offered.Solar Renewable Energy Certificate (SREC) Markets: Status and Trends (PDF) (58 pp, 1.2MB)SREC markets have emerged in U.S. states as a method to meet compliance with solar carve out provisions of RPSs. This report, produced by The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, provides an overview of the SREC market and design, as well as the market trends and key issues facing SREC markets. The report was published in 2011, so some information may not be up-to-date. For more recent information about specific policies in your state, check out DSIRE or contact your state’s energy agency.

REC trading concepts

https://www.epa.gov/greenpower/renewable-energy-certificates-recs

• What is a renewable energy certificate (REC)?
• How do RECs work?
• What is the legal basis of RECs?
• What is REC Arbitrage?
• What is the Difference Between RECs and Offsets?

Greenpoint energy management services

Custom Programs
Fully customizable and white-labeled enterprise solution

RETAIL FUEL REDUCED EMISSIONS PROGRAMS
No fuel additives or new hardware.

FLEET & FINANCIAL PROGRAMS
Go green with every click and transaction.

PACKAGING & CONSUMER PRODUCTS
Reduce your impact to attract new audiences.

RENEWABLE ENERGY PROGRAM
Meet customers’ demand for sustainable energy.

SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM CONSULTING
Consult with our experts to create your own program.

Branded Products
Turnkey environmental programs for immediate implementation

IMPACT COLLECTIVE
Our turnkey program for consumer-facing products.

GREENERMILES
An eco-friendly fleet mgt

Carbon technology 

Carbon life cycle in the ocean: algae, fungus etc

https://phys.org/news/2021-06-fungus-fast-track-carbon.html

carbon-bio-cycle-phys-Fungus creates a fast track for carbon.pdf

Enerblock concepts

from HLR doc v2

m NSF Enerblock P1

Virtual Power Plant framework enabled by blockchain to monitor and trace electricity generated, monitor and transfer electricity from energy storage assets, and produce the requisite tokenization strategy.

1. Tokenization

   1. Tgen

      1. Power Generation: Tgen tokens created

         1. Kwh

         2. 5 minute intervals (beginning)

         3. 15 minute intervals (Advanced)

      2. When Charging a Battery: Tgen token is exchanged for the Tstorage token and burned

      3. Operating a Load

         1. Tgen tokens are burned

         2. The operating load would be buying the token at some price, and presumably the asset owner can offer both the Tgen token and the Tstorage token to the operating load (representing the grid) at any given point in time.

            1. Rate

            2. Date/Time

   2. Tstorage

      1. Token Burn Algorithm

         1. Sets tokens aside if it thinks they're not required based upon extrapolations from historical data, but burns them after verifying the capacity has fallen and necessitates the burn using interpolated data at various points.

         2. Must account for different battery burn rates, which is a function of battery discharge and battery lifetime

Other P2P energy trading systems

u energy p2p DER trading

Tokens in DER systems

Token concepts

• Energy Token -
  • Stored Energy can be recorded as an NFT for an expiring asset ( Non-fungible token ).
  • The energy token is minted when the energy is created as a unit for an account device
  • The energy token is a charge in a battery that decays over time which should be reflected as a standard rate of decay
  • The energy token is burned when energy is consumed
  • The energy token can be transferred to another party in a trade but there are fees for the trade ( a platform transfer fee and a distribution charge on the grid )
    • on the trade, the original energy token is burned, the energy transferred via the grid to the buyer mints a new token
    • if the grid "buys" the energy, the original token is burned, the energy transferred to the grid in the purchase but no new token is created 
• Rewards Token
  • a standard Utility token can be created for the platform to reward specific activities by each party
• Payment Token
  • a payment token on the platform can be created to reflect when payment tokens are purchased ( minted ),  payments are earned ( minted ), when they are spent ( exchanged ) or redeemed ( burned ) for actual payments to a bank account.
  • The payment token can be limited to the platform ( vs a public stable coin like USDT, USDC etc ). 
  • They payment service can purchase tokens or redeem tokens from a bank account using the ACH connection for a very low fee ( $1.10 ) 
  • The option exists to handle payments using a stable coin ( like Tether USDC etc )
    • Those stable coins have higher fees but offer digital custody services etc that our platform would not if we use our own payment tokens
    • Concerns for stable coins are actual fees to operate, digital custody and reserve requirements, governance and compliance with banking regulations ( which state ? Wyoming or ? )
• Governance Token
  • we have no defined need for a governance token to control how the platform itself operates at this point

The token accounting can be done in our platform directly 

The purchase, exchange and redemption of payment tokens can be done directly using our token service to a client bank account on an ACH transfer or using APIs to a stable coin service our clients would be required to register with

EBC Setup - Test Environments - docs

Testing API services locally

Frontend startup

frontend call ...
npm run startLocal
( script )

ebc-api startup

ebc-api call
NODE_ENV=devLocal PORT=3030 npm start

Changes to ebc-api app

added package.json scripts 

"scripts": {
"start": "react-scripts start ",
"start-qa": "env-cmd -f .env.qa react-scripts start ",
"startLocal": "env-cmd -f .env.localApi react-scripts start ",
"build": "react-scripts build",
"test": "react-scripts test",
"eject": "react-scripts eject"
},

constants.js

API_URL = process.env.REACT_APP_API_URL;
console.log(" process.env", process.env);

.envLocalApi 

// REACT_APP_API_URL=https://ebc-api-dev.sysopsnetwork.com/

REACT_APP_API_URL=http://localhost:3030/

Changes to ebc-frontend-app

config folder has json config files for each environment

devLocal.json

{ 
"blockchain": {
"url": "http://3.21.101.182:3030",
"authkey": "18metreswu0ubrahow9ecuzoyiswldr3drubu57cEpaben2w4achorudrawls9es",
"authsecret": "SpA7At4eyeTab8lchivoyAFra6unEvLjoki1oyogow5owljitro6How3TH7tRltrj+bIs!4Wrl+#+!2uw10IJ#T8iTrihLstuv_T7-!+?2d=chE#tes*9u5lsWum4w&U"
}, 
"mongodb": "mongodb+srv://dbAdmin:u3KpFTzZBEIEQLzY@cluster0.pfjbe.mongodb.net/ebc_dev?retryWrites=true&w=majority"
}

authentication.js

const { AuthenticationService, JWTStrategy } = require('@feathersjs/authentication');
const { LocalStrategy } = require('@feathersjs/authentication-local');
const { expressOauth } = require('@feathersjs/authentication-oauth');

module.exports = app => {
const authentication = new AuthenticationService(app);

authentication.register('jwt', new JWTStrategy());
authentication.register('local', new LocalStrategy());

app.use('/authentication', authentication);
app.configure(expressOauth());
app.service('authentication').hooks({

EBC Test Environment Setup Examples

----------------------------------------------------
devops access for dev env


nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com

or  web app at
https://enerblock.sysopsnetwork.com/ 

1> create a client key pair w puttygen 

use puttygen to generate key pair 
save private key w pass phrase .. jm+
save public key as pem file ..
send public key to server to load

	setup pass on prv > jm+

	valid nsf-api pkey = jmason-pkey.ppk
	valid nsf-fabric pkey = jmason-pkey3.ppk
	puttygen, after load, shows the public key for the private key to copy

2> connect on openvpn

jimstOVOTAtivlp$aKo8wesjim
use openvpn connection
jim
w pwd


3> open terminal w putty ssh

run putty ssh
load private key w phrase
create conenction
	nsf-api
	url 	nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com

loginr


4> open robo3t connection

robo3t connection
	nsf-api 
	url nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com  27017
	uses ssh prv key - no SSL ( its vpn )
		with openvpn no need for ssh tunnel

nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com

5> postman client


import postman lib export and run in postman for nsf-api lib

postman api 

import postman nsf test collection
https://documenter.getpostman.com/view/5352743/SzS5v6ok?version=latest

then run postman 

initial test fails
GET /accounts HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:3030
Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6ImFjY2VzcyJ9.eyJpYXQiOjE1ODM3OTcxMTIsImV4cCI6MTU4Mzg4MzUxMiwiYXVkIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly95b3VyZG9tYWluLmNvbSIsImlzcyI6ImZlYXRoZXJzIiwic3ViIjoiNWU2MmMxYTBjYzE5YzAzMGE2YjFjNGNiIiwianRpIjoiNzcxMTg5ZjMtZWM5YS00OThjLTliOWUtN2I2ZjE2MmM0OTM3In0.XrmEn2Sff6Z3U9q7XdleoU0-2YZHKhrcPxUuipb_jV0
cache-control: no-cache
Postman-Token: df9ced11-c722-4843-83aa-d9dfe2e6d730


https://blog.postman.com/2018/08/09/postman-release-6-2/



6> Fabric server putty access ...

Open putty
load the profile ps-nsf
set the ip address to: 3.14.248.223
save the profile as nsf-fabric
open
login ubuntu


7> Location of NSF Fabric CouchDb 

http://3.14.248.223:5984/_utils


8> Enerblock Web app 


https://enerblock.sysopsnetwork.com/register

https://enerblock.sysopsnetwork.com

Local NPM builds 

npm run build

npm install -g serve

serve -s build

localhost:5000

this url works now - direct call to the active AWS zone
http://ebc-frontend-dev.s3-website.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/

Run apps on Local system

NODE_ENV=devLocal port=3030 npm #dev

Feathers queries on GET requests 

https://ebc-api-dev.sysopsnetwork.com/bids?accountId[$ne]=6008f9791404d97cb59bd982&$limit=10&$skip=0

add a starting date query for bids

{{base_url}}/bids/?accountId[$ne]=6008f9791404d97cb59bd982&status=open&createdAt[$gte]=2021-02-22

Key Env Tasks

remote

aws

mongo / mongoose

github

feathers

hlf v2.2 - GO

React / Redux

local or my aws

ubuntu

mysql or mongo / mongoose

git

feathers

hlf v2.2

hlf v2.2 asset xfer samples tests

Key Engineering Tasks 

--------------------------------------------
a>> create a production design doc in gdocs
--------------------------------------------

non-functional production requirements

1. The 12 SWT solution themes
2. 12 Factor app model for services solutions
3. OWASP 10 factor security considerations - data in-flight, at-rest, in-process
4. identity methods supported - userId-pwd, digital identities for people?
5. device ids, credentials with expirations
6. digital id, crypto recovery models for accounts, devices
7. KMS - key management system - KeyChain software eos ?
8. handling key rotations for transactions and queries over time
9. additional design, test and user documentation
10. support for multiple microservices in feathers or other frameworks
11. support for functional authorization by role
12. support for data authorization by role
13. consider automated testing options for API, database, Fabric, UI
14. feathers support for microservices, authorization models, external service integration, extended models based on views with edit rules
15. configuration support by environment
16. real-time screen updates for selected elements using web sockets
17. consider UI options for Web, Mobile interfaces
18. persistent messaging services as an option to replace the database transaction tables based on performance tests ( Mongo tables or Kafka ?? )
19. rethink what is stored on the ledger
20. consider a logical global transaction id linking database and ledger updates ( like the last TXID ) now
21. consider IoT integration services ( Nodered or Kafka or MQTT or ?? ) for solar smart controllers
22. review IoT device integration standards for solar controllers and test with Elcrow PI
23. define analytics module for the home owner, for the grid operator showing consumption and production trends, purchases etc
24. consider the automated trader feature based on policies
25. consider the trade planner feature
26. user accounts need policies
27. integrate device data to the user account system
28. evaluate a rules framework for feathers or ?
29. consider Grails for master table maintenance
30. decide on Mongo vs MySQL for JSON data
31. review CICD pipeline and related tests
32. consider better automated management of crypto artifacts in Fabric and usage by the application for signed transactions etc
33. consider better event pub sub services model for streaming events

Key Design Tasks

WP headless CMS

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Payments with Stripe

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Account Management

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Product Management

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Order Processing

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Sales Analysis by Account, Product

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

CDD for Non-Functional Features

eg environment items: security, performance, RAS, RTO, RPO, onboarding, authn, authz

Blockchain Concepts

Object Context

Use Case Scenarios

RDD Features

Data Models

Key Dev Tasks

test nsf-api - feathers.js
https://github.com/Paramount-Software-Solutions/nsf-api

data model ok
generate domain classes from jdbc metadata - fields, fk refs
default relation = hasMany
change as needed to belongsTo hasOne

grails ....
create app
create domain classes - gen edit
create controllers
create views

hlf v2.2 nodejs example

Key Test Tasks

Test info

Base URL  

https://nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com/

Documenter

https://documenter.getpostman.com/view/5352743/SzS1SoR6?version=latest

Postman NSF API setup

Export an existing NSF collection library

Import the library and select run in Postman button

Duplicate the collection and edit the duplicate

setup environment variables to use in URLS and body clauses


In Postman, 

http://{{rhost}}:3030/accounts

use url without port to allow server proxy redirection
http://nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com/accounts

postman quick reference guide

pm.environment.get("rhost") in a script

Postman Testing NSF REST api

----------------------------------------
NSF API - create new user in dev in postman
----------------------------------------

sequence ...

*** ensure correct url == https:// and host 

		nsf-api.sysopsnetwork.com

---------------
1> create a new user 

auth = no auth

https://{{rhost}}/accounts

{
  "firstName": "Jim",
  "lastName": "Mason",
  "email": "jmason900@yahoo.com",
  "password": "Skyler@00"
}

<< sends a verification email with a custom verification token



---------------
2> verify user token 

auth = no auth

https://{{rhost}}/authManagement

{
	"action": "verifySignupLong",
	"value":"1b6cb27b711d01a0396baaccc8108b"
}

>> substitute correct token from the verification email



---------------
3> authenticate user ( login )

auth = no auth

https://{{rhost}}/authentication

<< returns a Bearer token for the session

use test script to set the token for the environment

pm.environment.set("jwt", response.accessToken)


---------------
4> after login, run all methods with the Bearer token variable from the environment 

auth = Bearer token




----------------------------------------
verification url fails 
----------------------------------------

https://nsf.sysopsnetwork.com/verify?token=1b6cb27b711d01a0396baaccc8108b

Problems with UN SDG s and SDG18

https://sdgs.un.org/goals

The goals are clearly intentionally poorly defined which logically reduces the opportunity for both consensus and action

Each group believes its interpretation of the goals is the correct one leading to division not consensus

SDG18 is implied - Population growth is a high goal

In a world the other 17 goals are all negatively impacted by population growth and there is no goal to limit the population growth, then SDG18 can be assumed as implicit support for population growth. All the actions on the other 17 also encourage population growth. The behavior of governments and NGOs and many corporations is that population growth must be valuable and good even though none of them directly express that goal.

Potential Value Opportunities

pilot = 2 yrs
prod at national grid after = 2 yrs

3 big goals
- virtualize smeter p2p trading service for nat grid
- create hw package w meters, etc and software for nat grid low income
- other utilities

a> email w docs

a> pilot features, estimates ???
what does a production pilot cost ???

a> how can a smart meter be virtualized here ???
how can we partner w existing energy services companies ???

a> how to package smart meter service to other utilities ???
David King has other energy marketing leads .. Frank

a> see enerblock web site slides

a> new slides on ...
1> dual inverter architecture
2> virtual smart meter

nsf.report>

gsearch - bc poc report
see JIRA, HLR, BOA, bcp folder
diagrams for
use cases
bpm data flows

EBC MVP report model
https://www.hyperledger.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/HL_SolutionsBrief_ReduceCost_V8.pdf

overview

poc goals, value add
poc reqmts map to HLR use cases register user account, create assets, load transactions,
poc environment
poc development
poc testings & findings
poc summary
production architecture
production features
next steps

Candidate Production Requirements

production requirements are driven by functional and non-functional requirements supplied by EBC.

Candidate requirements include:

1. The 12 SWT solution themes
2. 12 Factor app model for services solutions
3. OWASP 10 factor security considerations - data in-flight, at-rest, in-process
4. identity methods supported - userId-pwd, digital identities for people?
5. device ids, credentials with expirations
6. digital id, crypto recovery models for accounts, devices
7. KMS - key management system
8. handling key rotations for transactions and queries over time
9. additional design, test and user documentation
10. support for multiple microservices in feathers or other frameworks
11. support for functional authorization by role
12. support for data authorization by role
13. consider automated testing options for API, database, Fabric, UI
14. feathers support for microservices, authorization models, external service integration, extended models based on views with edit rules
15. configuration support by environment 
16. real-time screen updates for selected elements using web sockets 
17. consider UI options for Web, Mobile interfaces
18. persistent messaging services as an option to replace the database transaction tables based on performance tests ( Mongo tables or Kafka ?? )
19. rethink what is stored on the ledger
20. consider a logical global transaction id linking database and ledger updates ( like the last TXID ) now
21. consider IoT integration services ( Nodered or Kafka or MQTT or ?? ) for solar smart controllers 
22. review IoT device integration standards for solar controllers and test with Elcrow PI
23. define analytics module for the home owner, for the grid operator showing consumption and production trends, purchases etc
24. consider the automated trader feature based on policies
25. consider the trade planner feature 
26. user accounts need policies 
27. integrate device data to the user account system 
28. evaluate a rules framework for feathers or ? 
29. consider Grails for master table maintenance 
30. decide on Mongo vs MySQL for JSON data 
31. review CICD pipeline and related tests
32. consider better automated management of crypto artifacts in Fabric and usage by the application for signed transactions etc
33. consider better event pub sub services model for streaming events 
34. transaction replay support

References for Production Architecture

Design Node.js Backend architectures

https://afteracademy.com/blog/design-node-js-backend-architecture-like-a-pro

Production Design Concepts - Tony

Development Plan of Release 1.0 is coming But we’ll start with a simple framework

Let’s start with a simple framework with some mock functionality. This is work for only 1-2 weeks and does not need to be very sophisticated. Just functional.

Time Frame: One or two weeks.

Functional Overview: Create a simple framework of an application - Use the existing Version of the product we have developed, and add the following. We can use a template to reduce any design work. Focus should not be on design but just to get the functionality working. Go with the assumption that we will do a UI UX design.

More details will be provided next week (June 11)

1. Add couple of fields to registration process;
2. Create a simple data structure (in off blockchain) as “carbon inventory”. It needs only a few sample fields.
3. Add a few tabs to a user’s dashboard with a simple search function to search the carbon inventory. Show results. Create a mock report that shows where the carbon came from.
4. Let user purchase a product. Pay for it via Steller or other. Reduce inventory. Create audit trail of the transaction on Blockchain. The mock carbon report should now say that offset was bought.
5. Simple Calculator to calculate carbon offset.
6. Do 1-2 day research on an open source NFT (Cardona with PoS, Binance or other) options.

Solution Design

Step 1: Individual or Business User Registration (Do Item 15 above)

Modify the current registration process as follows:

1. Add a new field to distinguish a user or a business. Do what people are doing to register uses and businesses. IF there I sno better way then, just add a new field  called “ I am “ with possible values of “Individual” or “Business”.
2. Add a new value in the “Affiliation” field. It’s called “No Affiliation”
3. When a new user registers with  Affiliation = “No Affiliation” then we do not need to verify a user by approvers because this user has no affiliation s they are just a simple buyer. If this user needs to add his DER assets then we will deal with that use case later.
4. The registration process should send an email to person’s email for verification (This is standard internet practice and should have been implemented in first POC release but it was not). When the user clicks that email, then he/she is considered registered.
5. Give the individual user the ability to put personal information and the business user to put business information in addition to personal info.

Step 2: Carbon Offset Inventory (mock) - Create a very simple data structure in offline database to contain carbon offsets inventory.

1. Perhaps we can have5-6 simple fields: Certificate Number <Alpha numeric>, Project Name, Project Type, Date Started, End Date, Status= Active, Retired, Withdrawn and then the Units (say we start with 8), Price per Unit = $15 (say), Description.
2. Put mock data with 7-8 records with different project types.
3. Decrement the counter if the use clicks buy button in next step.

Step 3: User Dashboard (Simple Version): When the new user logs in, who is not affiliated with anyone, then he/she should see a page that has the following tabs:

1. Buy Carbon Offsets ß This is default and will provide a search options whose parameters will be provided by Tony. For now just go with a screen that provides 3 fields: Project Type,
2. Carbon Packages ß Give three packages or products $10 per month for one year, $20 per month for one year and $50 per year per month.  Don’t worry about the exact wording or amount number. Just get basic infrastructure including database access. In the first go, we can wait for tat
3. My Carbon Footprint: This is user’s calculated footprint baseline It should stay “Blank” currently.
4. Carbon Calculator: We will make this nice but more after one week.
5. <Maybe few others TBD later>
6. User goes to “Buy Carbon Offset” page, searches per some criteria that is mocked, and it spits out relevant offsets inventory. In front of each line item is a button that says traceability or chain of custody or a some more simpler word. When clicked it displays a very nice report with info relate to the asset: Like who is the project developer, when it started, etc etc. This is dynamically generated. When asset is bought it will say bought etc.

Step 4: Purchase and Pay: User clicks on one product - No matter what they buy , just go to carbon registry and decrement the item purchased and then go to payment processing:

1. Let’s add payment gateway to process this payment in US$ or local currency. Thomas was discussing the Steller network. Let’s see if we can use that. I want to make sure that we can use micro payments capability as well. 
2. Once the payment is processed, let’s keep the transaction info in the history log. Remember for Audit and Traceability purposes we will access this. 
3. Product is bought
4. It goes to user’s transaction history (my orders).
5. Reduce inventory once the transaction is successful.
6. Offsets should show a link to the transaction we just did.

Step 5: Simple Calculator to calculate carbon offset.

1. Assume that an average person has 20 MtCO2e (20 metric tonnes) as their carbon footprint in United States.
2. Add a couple of sliding widgets – like num of cars they have (0 to 5), and how often they use public transportation (0% to 100%) and use these numbers to just create some simple new calculated footprint. It does not need to be sophisticated. 

Step 6: Do research on open source White Label NFTs and how can we use that to build EBC’s NFT Marketplace.  Also do research on “Gas” fees on Ethereum network and the cost. If the cost of NFT minting is say $40 of gas fee etc, and our NFT is $10 then it makes no sense for the NFT owner to pay $40 and g $10.  Provide top 2-3 options.

Best

Tony

Recommendations for the Digital Voluntary and Regulated Carbon Markets - 2023 - WE Forum

https://www3.weforum.org/docs/Recommendations_for_the_Digital_Voluntary_and_Regulated_Carbon_Markets.pdf

Recommendations_for_the_Digital_Voluntary_and_Regulated_Carbon_Markets.pdf link

Recommendations_for_the_Digital_Voluntary_and_Regulated_Carbon_Markets.pdf file

1 Challenges facing carbon markets

2 Recommendations for the next generation of digitally native carbon markets

2.1 Improvement of governance

2.2 An accessible marketplace, product definition and clarity

2.3 Applied technology for radical scalability

2.4 Interoperability and transparency across exchanges and platforms

3 The time is now

Carbon Market Challenges

Lack of transparency, integrity and confidence in the monitoring, issuance, sale, retirement and benefits distribution of carbon credits, as well as in third-party certifications

1. use of certification standards, Certification bodies, independent - licensed certifier organizations
2. online marketplace showing registered parties ( producers, consumers, certifiers, projects, standards orgs ), project status and types, inventory life cycle mgt, order life cycle, delivery life cycle, taxations, my carbon stories,  wish lists, private sale lists, histories downloadable, AMM smart pricer, bids and offers
3. mobile, web, api access models
4. SLT based on trusts, scale

Inaccessibility, inequity and lack of participation in carbon markets by women, local communities, smallholder land stewards, Indigenous people and other vulnerable populations

Insufficient scale to meet climate commitments

Potential Challenges

Improving authentication for EBC MVP applications

To meet an unrealistic MVP deadline from the client, we created 2 separate services: one for users trading, one for approvers

The plan was to only provide a Web UI for user trading, not for approver services.

Approvals of accounts and devices could be done through the database, not a Web UI.

As the client changed the requirements to add a Web UI for approvals, we made the decision to create a second Web app with a matching Web service to cut time and costs.

IF we had more time, funds, a long-term design would use a different model to support different user types and functional authorization

A plan to consolidate the existing MVP solution into a single app and integrated user database

• Consolidate the trade and approver applications into one application
• Change the trade and approver services to use a single authentication token
• Change the account and approver tables to have the SAME identity for any user that is in both tables

Production architecture is out of scope on budget, time now

• Create a new registration solution that incorporates the existing approver table functions
• Create a new authentication service that supports the added approver functions
• Extend the authorization model to support specific RBAC - role based access control - beyond the base roles of user, approver
• Extend the authorization model to support data contexts beyond the limited model in the MVP

MVP2 Challenges 

1. Client planning gaps for MVP2
   1. client disappears for 10 weeks to create a "capabilities" specification
   2. client says it will only take 2 weeks to implement because they are experts on the web technologies used
   3. client spec is not a design and has many logical, process and data gaps to be filled ( BUT "design not needed" )
   4. client thinks coding and design can start day 1 not understanding an Agile process has design before coding
2. Our team on EBC MVP2
   1. had 2 people from the prior EBC effort. One was an excellent developer.
   2. 6 new people added, only 1 from Paramount
   3. QA person can only manually test UIs, no APIs, no data analysis
   4. Documentation person didn't have significant role since design had run concurrent to development on the SAME stories
   5. 2 senior UI developers really are junior level only
   6. The new UX designer is first class
   7. HR function is weak
   8. high pressure, short-term projects are not the place to "train" new teams
3. Factory approach to software solutions missing
   1. Need open standards based platform, technology stacks
   2. Improve solution value, flexibility, portability avoiding custom cloud services in cloud environments
   3. Architect solutions as assemblies of common component services ( data services, content services, security services, visualization services, management services, IAM services, JEPL event process services, etc  )
   4. factory pays increasing dividends over time as the services stack value grows to build applications faster, flexibility with better quality over time
   5. replace large developer teams with fewer, better paid senior developers that can build factory services and deliver solutions on the factory
   6. compare Feathers, Grails, JHipster on full stack automation 
4. Carbon Offset Solution Values
   1. carbon offsets are a payment ( by carbon ton ) from a carbon emitter to a carbon reducer who reduces CO2 output elsewhere ( eg a Tree farm, Solar farm, Wind farm etc)
   2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset
   3. https://www.offsetguide.org/understanding-carbon-offsets/what-is-a-carbon-offset/
   4. https://www.treehugger.com/best-carbon-offset-programs-5076458
   5. terrapass sells carbon offsets retail at about $10 per ton. Retailers offer monthly subscriptions based on your carbon footprint.
5. mm
6. more

Carbon accounting concepts and solutions

Carbon Credit Price Per Ton in 2023 (and Every Other Year)

https://8billiontrees.com/carbon-offsets-credits/carbon-credit-price-per-ton/#:~:text=This%20price%20is%20determined%20by,to%20%2480%20per%20metric%20ton.

https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+the+wholesale+value+of+a+1+ton+carbon+credit&oq=what+is+the+wholesale+value+of+a+1+ton+carbon+credit&aqs=chrome..69i57.11762j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

how much carbon does an acre of forest remove in a year

https://www.google.com/search?q=how+much+carbon+does+an+acre+of+forest+remove+in+a+year&oq=how+much+carbon+does+an+acre+of+forest+remove+in+a+year&aqs=chrome..69i57.13296j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

When you run the number, it turns out that one acre of forest absorbs about 2.5 tons of CO2 per year.

https://guides.regen.network/guides/regen-marketplace/bridging/regen-ledger-to-polygon

Bridging - move carbon credits from Polygon / Toucan to Regen marketplace and vice versa

https://app.regen.network/projects/1

VCU - Verifiable Carbon Units

https://app.regen.network/credit-classes/C01

This credit class provides a vehicle for nature based Verified Carbon Units (VCUs) to enter the blockchain space via issuance on Regen Ledger. It can be used by project developers, credit brokers, and other stakeholders interested in digitizing carbon credits issued by the VCS program to make them available in the emerging world of decentralized finance.

blockchain for carbon credits concept

https://medium.com/open-forest-protocol/how-blockchain-will-open-a-new-standard-for-carbon-credits-8822558e14a9

nature-based-solutions. These can be generally grouped into two categories — Carbon Emission Avoidance or Carbon Removal. Although not a completely exhaustive list, here are some of the most common NBS solutions in the space:

1. Reforestation — these additionality credits are generated from activities that involve planting trees in an area where the forest had previously been cleared or destroyed. These projects are either terrestrial (land-based), or wetland (marine or freshwater), such as mangrove restoration projects.
2. Afforestation — generated from activities that involve planting trees in areas where there was no forest previously.
3. Agroforestry — generated from activities that involve the integration of trees into agricultural landscapes, such as intercropping, alley cropping, and silvopastoral systems.
4. Peatland — generated from activities that involve the protection and restoration of peatlands, which are among the most carbon-rich ecosystems in the world.
5. Conservation — generated from activities that involve the protection of carbon-rich ecosystems, such as rainforests, savannas, and grasslands.
6. Avoided Deforestation — generally refers to the conservation of any forest area that would have otherwise been destroyed for commercial purposes.

key players in the ReFi industry today.

Flowcarbon — Flowcarbon operates at the intersection of carbon and new technology in order to protect earth’s natural carbon sinks and scale quality carbon reduction and removal projects, on-chain

Toucan — Toucan’s primary mission is to create public infrastructure for carbon markets running on open blockchains

Senken — a gateway to buy, retire, and sell carbon credits on chain in a transparent and trackable manner

Regen Network — ecological assets for the ReFi economy: Regen bridges between real life ecological impact and the incentives that web3 finance provides.

Moss — Using tokenization of specific carbon credits as well as NFTs, the MOSS MCO2 token represents tokenized carbon credits from projects directly working to prevent deforestation and protect the Amazon rainforest.

dMRV: The Foundation of Carbon

https://medium.com/open-forest-protocol/how-blockchain-will-open-a-new-standard-for-carbon-credits-8822558e14a9

We’ve talked a lot about carbon credits, carbon markets, and our friends in the ReFi space who are using these mechanisms to create groundbreaking, digitized environmental solutions. But the pot is still boiling: HOW are we confirming that all the carbon being traded, exchanged, accredited, retired, and showing up on marketplaces, is actually legitimate? That 1 tonne of carbon really is being sequestered and that tonne of carbon is represented by a token? Enter digital Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (dMRV), and by extension, Open Forest Protocol.

MRV, Measurement, Reporting, and Verification, is a pillar of legitimate carbon, on or off chain. It is the foundation for all manner of climate mitigation efforts, from energy reduction to reforestation. It is the integral step in proving an intended impact has been achieved. As a framework, MRV is essentially how you take real world carbon removal activity data, and convert it into a tradable asset (the credit). MRV is the backbone of the carbon market.

Within the context of forest monitoring, MRV involves three interconnected procedures:

1. Direct Measurement of data (such as tree height, diameter, species, on-site photos, etc.).
2. Standardized data Reporting by compilation into an inventory.
3. Verification of reported data to ensure reliability and validity.

So far, with legacy systems, MRV has been siloed, expensive, opaque, and often inaccessible by the projects and initiatives on the ground. It has seen only partial attempts at digitization and as a result is a clearly identified bottleneck between the market’s demand signals and the capacity for the market to respond with additional supply. The chain of command can be complicated and difficult to navigate — to read more on the ins and outs, head over to our MRV piece.

Due to a lack of transparency, MRV is prone to dishonesty which has eroded trust in the carbon financing system as a whole. It’s time for a ground-up rethinking and application of appropriate technologies to create a better system.

Blockchain technology — an immutable, globally accessible ledger of project data — ensures a transition to an on-chain carbon management system and market that is the first of its kind in the world, connecting supply and demand in a way that surpasses that of any current industry. .

Toucan - scale the impact of planet-positive projects by turning carbon credits into tokens with Toucan's infrastructure

https://toucan.earth/

Tokenized carbon allows for both large and small buyers to engage with carbon, with lower barriers to entry and more transparency.

Increase the value of your carbon credits

Access new sales channels and increase the value and transparency of your carbon projects by bringing them on-chain into the Open Climate Registry

Toucan Web app

https://app.toucan.earth/overview

https://github.com/ToucanProtocol

https://docs.toucan.earth/toucan/introduction/readme

https://developer.toucan.earth/

Carbon Bridge to other chains

Our Carbon Bridge allows owners of carbon credits from verified sources to link each one to a unique digital token called a TCO2. These are stored in a smart contract on a blockchain database called the Open Climate Registry.

Carbon SDK + API

Help us scale climate solutions by using our developer toolset to build tokenized carbon into your next project.

Carbon Pools

Carbon Pools hold similar carbon tokens, which back liquid carbon reference tokens like NCT. These can be traded on exchanges and used in products built on the Toucan Protocol.

Carbon Retirements

Offset emissions by purchasing and retiring carbon from specific projects and vintages - using our Open Climate Registry and retirement functionality.

Value opportunities for carbon

Earn interest on carbon

Access new ways of turning carbon credits into productive, yield-bearing assets.

Green NFTs

Integrate carbon with your next NFT project for planet-positive creations.

Carbon as a digital asset

Diversify treasury or portfolio holdings with tokenized real-world carbon credits.

What is ReFi — The intersection of crypto and climate

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-refi-intersection-crypto-climate-mitchell-board/

carbon accounting references 

Towards Ontology and Blockchain Based Measurement, Reporting, and Verification For Climate Action - SSRN-id3717389.pdf

https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/CASIG/Voluntary+Carbon+Offsets+Directory+Research+Project

References

• Securing Climate Benefit: A Guide to Using Carbon Offsets
• Voluntary Ecological Markets Overview by IWA - this document is really about carbon offsets despite its title.
• EDF Trends in Voluntary Carbon Offsets Market
• These Countries have Prices on Carbon.  Are they working? (NY Times)
• Taskforce for Scaling Voluntary Carbon Markets Final Report
• Microsoft Carbon Removal - Lessons from an Early Corporate Purchase
• Microsoft Criteria for high-quality carbon dioxide removal

Ratings and Criticisms of Carbon Offsets

• A buyer’s guide to soil carbon offsets - Carbon Plan

• BeZero Carbon Ratings Methodology
• The World Needs Better Climate Pledges
• Comments on the Initial Recommendations of the Taskforce on Scaling Voluntary Carbon Markets (TSVCM) from Berkeley Carbon Trading Project and affiliated groups
• Startup That Rates Carbon Offsets Finds Almost Half Fall Short
• Top Airlines’ Promises to Offset Flights Rely on Phantom Credits
• NPR Reporting on Forest Carbon Credits Gets It Wrong in 5 Ways
• Carbon Direct Commentary on Release of the Voluntary Offsets Database
• How Additional is the Clean Development Mechanism

https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/CASIG/Governance+Research+for+Climate+Action

In a typical climate ecosystem, such as the carbon credits market or climate investing, there are these stakeholders:

• sellers or issuers
• buyers
• intermediaries - transaction services
• gatekeepers - standards organizations, ratings agencies
• other service providers - data services, consultants

https://www.climateledger.org/resources/Blockchain-for-Climate-Action-and-the-Governance-Challenge.pdf

Sample carbon accounting app model

https://github.com/opentaps/blockchain-carbon-accounting/blob/main/open-offsets-directory/README.md

The Carbon Offset Marketplace - reference model

https://www.offsetguide.org/understanding-carbon-offsets/carbon-offset-projects/offset-project-entities/

Designing, implementing and operating carbon offset projects requires the involvement of a number of parties, stakeholders and authorities. Although the parties involved differ from project to project, some general categories and types of market players can be defined as follows.

Project Owners

The operator and owner of the physical project installation where the emission reduction project takes place. An owner can be any private person, company or other organization.

Project Developers

A person or organization with the intention to develop an emission reduction project. This could be the project owner, a consultant or specialized services provider.

Project Funders

Banks, private equity firms, private investors, non-profit organizations and other organizations may lend or invest equity to fund a project. Some offset program standards have rules as to what kind of funding, aside from offset revenue, is acceptable for an offset project.

Stakeholders

Individuals and organizations that are directly or indirectly affected by the emission reduction project. Stakeholders include the parties interested in developing a specific project (e.g., owner, developer, funder), parties affected by the project (e.g., local population, host community, environmental and human rights advocates) and national and international authorities.

Third Party Auditors – Validators and Verifiers

Almost all offset programs require a third-party auditor to validate and verify a project’s baseline and its projected and achieved emission reductions. Under CDM, the auditors are called Designated Operational Entities (DOEs). To minimize conflicts of interest, the CDM does not allow the validating DOE to also conduct project verification. Most offset programs also have processes for accrediting their third party auditors before they are approved to conduct validation and verification activities.

Standards Organizations

In the absence of national or international legislation, standard organizations define a set of rules and criteria for voluntary emission reduction credits.

Brokers and Exchanges

In the offset credit wholesale market, emission offset buyers and sellers can have transactions facilitated by brokers or exchanges. Exchanges are usually preferred for frequent trades or large volumes of products with standardized contracts or products, while brokers typically arrange transactions for non-standardized products, occasional trades, and small volumes.

Traders

Professional emission reduction traders purchase and sell emission reductions by taking advantage of market price distortions and arbitrage possibilities.

Offset Providers

Offset providers act as aggregators and retailers between project developers and buyers. They provide a convenient way for consumers and businesses to access offset credits from a portfolio of projects.

Final Buyers or End-Users

Individuals and organizations purchase carbon offsets to counter-balance GHG emissions. Therefore, the final buyer has no interest in reselling the offset but will prompt the retirement of the carbon offset credit

Carbon Value of a Tree Farm

https://www.gotreequotes.com/how-much-co2-do-trees-absorb/#:~:text=The%20average%20Pine%20tree%20absorbs,or%2010%20tons%20per%20year.

How much Co2 do trees absorb?

Project Management Challenges

7/13/21  Next Steps

We have wrapped Sprint 1 new features.

We are doing minor support, fixes.

Tony wants a "next sprint" that includes:

Note to Pramod

Sprints for Carbon Mgt App

Sprint 5 Retro

retro.jim>
bad > need better coverage between stories in epics and the actual work getting done
bad > need better job on matching stories to epics every time
bad > need better job of finding the matching story list for an epic when we do customer reviews ( as Amir has been doing )
bad > need better indication of blocked items ( eg a dependency on Word press server environment etc )
bad > need better backlog grooming prior to Sprints ( Jim, Shilpa )
bad > took too long to resolve the blockchain usage model for this app ( vs trading app ) ( Tony, Jim )
good > responsive to customer in our weekly status review meetings
good > work getting done in specific instances by developers

QA environment not setup for Chain API

Frontend and api apps are setup in QA correctly

No AWS environment has been setup for the Chain API in QA

Strategy - minimum work to demo Fabric contracts 

Option 1 -  test locally to DEV environment on Chain API

create local version of ebc-v2-api that points to Mongo ebc_dev_v2 database

write account and jobQ records there

existing Chain api in DEV will process 

view results in Mongo DEV and couchDB DEV

Option 2 - create Fabric environment in QA

Option 3 - reconfigure Fabric DEV environment to be Fabric QA environment

Candidate Solutions

Carbon Offset Production Using Seaweed feed for Cows

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/seaweed-methane-emissions-cows-gas-climate-change/

Managing carbon effectively for ESG

https://www.globalcarbonesg.com/

Learn how we combine carbon sensors, IoT, and Blockchain to help you baseline and manage your carbon footprint.

IBM puts carbon certifications on blockchain

https://www.ibm.com/blogs/blockchain/2021/08/revolutionizing-renewable-energy-certificate-markets-with-tokenization/

Revolutionizing renewable energy certificate markets with tokenization.pdf

enterprises purchase Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) which represent 1MWh of zero-carbon electricity generated by another entity. The seller of REC could be outside the region or country the enterprise is from. The enterprises then use the RECs to offset their carbon footprint and be compliant with regulations on carbon emissions and green standards.

Companies are looking to newer solutions to capture, analyze and report Environmental Sustainability Goals (ESG) information and reduce their environmental impact. A decentralized and immutable blockchain network, which leverages enhanced characteristics of distributed ledger technology (DLT) can greatly increase the adoption of energy certificates and ensure consumption closely matches the generation.

cumbersome carbon accounting process becomes simplified with significant cost savings, as smart metering and automations are introduced.

 exchange of different amounts of energy and granularity of energy certificates. For example, energy certificates can be traded in smaller program time units (PTUs), such as the case of hourly certificates, becoming more in cadence with clearing and settlement

commercial-scale blue hydrogen, derived from natural gas and carbon capture and storage (CCS) and green hydrogen, produced from renewables-based electrolysis processes. This has led to surge in hydrogen project announcements working in conjunction with both the gas and renewable sectors. The energy generation using hydrogen and other mixed sources have some CO₂ emission associated and needs to be captured in the certificates.

wide variety of implementations for tokenizing energy certificates, coupled with the fact that they are often at an infancy stage, call out for defining industry standards towards interoperability between networks in different geographical regions across the globe.

self-funding ecosystems are leveraging Ethereum-based (ERC-20) solutions by introducing a dual layer of tokenization. The purpose for public platforms of supporting two layers of tokenization is to provide end-users access to use their platform and contribute to corporate revenues and create exchangeable tokens encapsulating energy certificates.

P2P energy trading

A similar system is being developed by Power Ledger. With its own unique trade matching algorithms, prosumers and consumers can transact available power equitably, without favoring any of the participants. Other characteristics of this platform include pegging of native tokens to a local unit of currency and aggregation of individual meters in a single transaction. The trading group can be configured by either their application host or Power Ledger. WePower also offers an alternative solution on exchanging energy certificates via its native WPR token and auctions. WePower launched a financial derivative product, called Contract for Difference, to mitigate risk in corporate power purchasing agreements (PPAs).

ESG reporting on carbon

As organizations are by now committed to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), there is a need for an elegant solution which enables them to calculate carbon footprint and assist in creating their ESG reporting.

Tokenize energy certificates and reporting

solution (enerT) to tokenize energy certificates using Hyperledger Fabric and Tokens-SDK. Tokenization of energy certificates in a DLT platform can offer an intelligent solution with regards to full disclosure certification of energy. In addition to the amount of energy generated by mixed sources, tokens created in the network could also store other useful characteristic such as CO₂ emissions in the energy supply chain.

A tokenized energy marketplace would offer a wide range of trusted certificates in terms of energy types and origin. Such a network would allow suppliers and consumers to trade energy certificates efficiently and inexpensively. A tokenized certification unit would be like what the container did for the shipping industry.

Google Maps GPS API

https://help.parsehub.com/hc/en-us/articles/226061627-Scrape-latitude-and-longitude-data-from-a-Google-Maps-link

https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-find-coordinates-on-google-maps

Currency Codes and Conversion Rates

currencyCodes

currencyConversionRates

https://www.federalreserve.gov/datadownload/Choose.aspx?rel=H10

https://www.bis.org/statistics/xrusd.htm

http://www.portfolioslicer.com/data/file-currency-conversion.html

Meetings

EBC DER trading POC schedule 

Jan 5 accounts app works
demo accounts to database again
demo account, device from script to ledger
a> need to move front-end logic to feathers client

Jan 7 approver app works
issue> write account from api to ledger
a> new cd pipeline for approver app

Jan 11 devices in app works
device approvals work

Jan 14 write accounts, devices from api to ledger
a> api wrapper service for ledger accounts, devices
a> demo transactionID on mongo and from Explorer on ledger
i> individual keys for accounts, devices not included now

end Sprint 1

Jan 14 Sprint 2 begins
energy load demo ( Jim )
a> add menu option, api call to load function
Sprint 2 demo

Jan 18 Sprint 3 - offers
review offers UI, api
- create, edit, cancel offer
i> do we need the 19th for this review ??

Jan 25 Sprint 4 - bids
review bids UI, api
- create, edit, cancel bid
i> do we need the 26th for this review ??

Jan 26 Sprint 5 - trades begins
membership certs for accounts

Step-by-step guide for Example

sample code block

Recommended Next Steps

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