Key Points

1. NSF SBIR grant to Enerblock to define viability of a decentralized electric energy trading system on the grid

2. Enerblock betting National Grid will use Enerblock over other energy p2p tokenized power trading platforms

3. Draft presentation for P2P is only a "resume" of PS history on p2p – sets table for a product opportunity presentation 

References

Key Concepts

Wave Farm Energy Concepts

Eco Wave generator

Swedish-Israeli wave energy developer Eco Wave Power has launched construction of what it says is the first megawatt-scale wave energy project, a 1MW generator in waters off the city of Porto, Portugal.

https://reneweconomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/How_It_Works-copy.jpg 

Open

Solar energy concepts

https://www.powerinverters.com/products/royal-60-amp-12-24-volt-digital-solar-power-charge-controller

Open

P2P Energy Trading Concepts 

https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2020/Jul/IRENA_Peer-to-peer_trading_2020.pdf

Enerblock concepts

from HLR doc v2

VPP - Virtual Power Plant framework enabled by blockchain to monitor and trace electricity generated, monitor and transfer electricity from energy storage assets, and produce the requisite tokenization strategy.

1. Tokenization

   1. Tgen

      1. Power Generation: Tgen tokens created

         1. Kwh

         2. 5 minute intervals (beginning)

         3. 15 minute intervals (Advanced)

      2. When Charging a Battery: Tgen token is exchanged for the Tstorage token and burned

      3. Operating a Load

         1. Tgen tokens are burned

         2. The operating load would be buying the token at some price, and presumably the asset owner can offer both the Tgen token and the Tstorage token to the operating load (representing the grid) at any given point in time.

            1. Rate

            2. Date/Time

   2. Tstorage

      1. Token Burn Algorithm

         1. Sets tokens aside if it thinks they're not required based upon extrapolations from historical data, but burns them after verifying the capacity has fallen and necessitates the burn using interpolated data at various points.

         2. Must account for different battery burn rates, which is a function of battery discharge and battery lifetime

New Group wants New Carbon Call Measurement Standards for accurate accounting

https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-and-20-others-call-for-carbon-accounting-standards/

https://www.climateworks.org/

https://www.cleancoolingcollaborative.org/

https://www.climateworks.org/racial-and-social-justice/

the Carbon Call, an initiative to make carbon accounting good enough to properly track and control emissions.

The Call is hosted by ClimateWorks Foundation, and members include the Linux Foundation alongside Microsoft. Other members include Capricorn Investment Group, Climate Change AI, Corporate Leaders Group Europe, Global Carbon Project, Global Council for Science and the Environment, International Science Council, LF Energy, Mila, Skoll Foundation, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, United Nations Environment Programme (collaborating organization), and United Nations Foundation.

Lucas Joppa, chief environmental officer at Microsoft, said, “With so many organizations now committing to net zero, one key piece is still missing: a transparent and interoperable system to track, report, and compare GHG emissions and removals. The Carbon Call is a collaboration to enable reliability among the multiple, different GHG accounting ledgers — from the corporate to the national to the planetary. We encourage all organizations committed to net zero to join us.”

Many tech leaders have promised to become climate neutral, or claim to be so already, but the quality of data they provide has led to criticism as the actual results delivered do not match up to the claims made. This week Carbon Market Watch looked at 25 leaders, all of whom make some kind of "100 percent neutral" pledge, only to find that their efforts deliver, on average, a 40 percent cut in emissions, with some delivering as little as 15 percent.

IEC CIM modeling for smart grid contracts

Recommend using IEC CIM modeling format for smart contract design in the future, for easy integration with Utilities.

IEC standards

https://www.iec.ch/smartgrid/standards/

model downloads

https://www.dmtf.org/standards/cim/cim_schema_v29

CIM model for electric power

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Information_Model_(electricity)

In electric power transmission and distribution, the Common Information Model (CIM), a standard developed by the electric power industry that has been officially adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which aims to allow application software to exchange information about an electrical network.^[1]

The CIM is currently maintained as a UML model.^[2] It defines a common vocabulary and basic ontology for aspects of the electric power industry. The CIM models the network itself using the 'wires model'. This describes the basic components used to transport electricity. Measurements of power are modeled by another class. These measurements support the management of powerflow at the transmission level, and by extension, the modeling of power through a revenue meter on the distribution network. The CIM can be used to derive 'design artifacts' (e.g. XML Schema, RDF Schema) as needed for the integration of related application software.

The CIM is also used to derive messages for the wholesale energy market with the framework for energy market communications, IEC 62325. The European style market profile is a profile derivation from the CIM to harmonize the energy market data exchanges in Europe. ENTSO-E is a major contributor to the European style market profile.^[3]

The standard that defines the core packages of the CIM is IEC 61970-301, with a focus on the needs of electricity transmission, where related applications include energy management system, SCADA, planning and optimization. The IEC 61970-501 and 61970-452 standards define an XML format for network model exchanges using RDF. The IEC 61968 series of standards extend the CIM to meet the needs of electrical distribution, where related applications include distribution management system, outage management system, planning, metering, work management, geographic information system, asset management, customer information systems and enterprise resource planning.

• CIM Users Group

• An IBM Whitepaper | Design a message and service definition integration strategy based on Common Information Model standards

• A whitepaper | Utilities Enterprise information management strategies

• "Overcoming Challenges Using the CIM as a Semantic Model for Energy Applications"

Use of OWL ( Web Ontology Language ) to define IEC / CIM ontology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Ontology_Language

The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies. Ontologies are a formal way to describe taxonomies and classification networks, essentially defining the structure of knowledge for various domains: the nouns representing classes of objects and the verbs representing relations between the objects. Ontologies resemble class hierarchies in object-oriented programming but there are several critical differences. Class hierarchies are meant to represent structures used in source code that evolve fairly slowly (typically monthly revisions) whereas ontologies are meant to represent information on the Internet and are expected to be evolving almost constantly. Similarly, ontologies are typically far more flexible as they are meant to represent information on the Internet coming from all sorts of heterogeneous data sources. Class hierarchies on the other hand are meant to be fairly static and rely on far less diverse and more structured sources of data such as corporate databases.^[1]

The OWL languages are characterized by formal semantics. They are built upon the World Wide Web Consortium's (W3C) XML standard for objects called the Resource Description Framework (RDF).^[2] OWL and RDF have attracted significant academic, medical and commercial interest.

Kwh Meter Smart Card Model Token For EEM - Electrical Energy Monitoring

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328533607_KWh_Meter_Smart_Card_Model_Token_For_Electrical_Energy_Monitoring

This research Producer Electric meter Appliance model base on

smart card kWh (kilo Watt hour). The card power meter Is use to calculate

the prepaid electricity meter using the 20-digit voucher number as a

charging medium. Utilizing a smart card, the token number in the prepaid

electricity meter can help reduce the error rate when entering the token

number, the model destination is created. Hardware design and with apps

to detect how much energy is used to store basic data to help view history

of usage. Using smart cards and microcontrollers in apps that come from a

usage history in the Pulse usage category will help users know their usage

in efficient, normal, and wasteful categories. The results of this research is

a meter model with credit card for charging pulses, and data processing

applications as devices that can be used for various electricity

consumption. The information system is used as a model validation with

pulse input that provides information about the use of electrical energy

and as a determinant to save the time and time required to make optimal

energy

The method used for system validation as a way of categorizing step of use by testing on the 2200 VA kWh meter model, with the following test scenarios: a.Electrical Power: 2200 VAb.Average usage per month ± : 380 kWhc.380 kWh / month = 380,000 Wh / 2.592.000 sec = 0.14667d.To simplify the calculation rounded to 0.15 Wh / sec, Membership Function Electricity Usage per secon

Energy device configuration concepts for EFR32

https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/application-notes/an961-custom-nodes-efr32.pdf

Kwh Metering with Smart Card technology - paper

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/KWh-Meter-Smart-Card-Model-Token-For-Electrical-Siregar-Sikumbang/b8fe9f192a93ba87b29f566a81a1d2ecb81b5b3f

This research Producer Electric meter Appliance model base on smart card kWh (kilo Watt hour). The card power meter Is use to calculate the prepaid electricity meter using the 20-digit voucher number as a charging medium. Utilizing a smart card, the token number in the prepaid electricity meter can help reduce the error rate when entering the token number, the model destination is created. Hardware design and with apps to detect how much energy is used to store basic data to help view history of usage. Using smart cards and microcontrollers in apps that come from a usage history in the Pulse usage category will help users know their usage in efficient, normal, and wasteful categories. The results of this research is a meter model with credit card for charging pulses, and data processing applications as devices that can be used for various electricity consumption. The information system is used as a model validation with pulse input that provides information about the use of electrical energy and as a determinant to save the time and time required to make optimal energy LESS

smart power grids on bc - toronto

https://www.meetup.com/Hyperledger-Toronto/events/266765758/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0XEyI2FzSI&feature=youtu.be

Power Network Goals

1. minmize feeder congestion to primary distribution network orgs ( DNO)

2. minimize green house emisssions

3. balance supply and demand over different periods

3 connected power networks - today normally centralized

current distribution systems

distributed energy resources (DER) can reduce demand management

smart energy grids introduce DER

DER integration challenges

Benefits of DER

Goals for TEF - Transactive Energy Framework

Features needed for TEF Fabric can deliver

Blockchain concepts - transaction flow

blockchain value add - BVA

more BVA

Energy Trading on Blockchain - Double Auction

Bids classified

Fabric implementation model for p2p trading

Channels not useful unless limited to a DNO ( Distribution Network Operator )

Logical versus physical blockchain network ( nodes on DNO not DER points )

DER owners can be private just using a proxy id for PII, account nbr

Bids, offers can be public ( benefit to market seeing prices )

User DApp to interface to user on bids, offers

Allow Smart Meter to also manage power demand ( place bids, offers for units, rate, periods ) based on DER preferences, DNO policies

Ledger has proofs on identity, transactions, keys

Off-chain data linked via proxy id

How to retrofit to DNO as a service? to DER as a service? low income subscription options?

Problems in DER grid to manage include:

Overvoltage generated- local store can absorb some

q>> Doesn't smart meter turn off panels once storage full and demand stopped ?? yes

Toronto Microgrid diagram

Another microgrid example

Net impact of DER system

p2p energy trading - slides - Paramount

P2P Energy Trading.pdf

p2p energy trading using blockchain video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcufQeaOK1U

Benefits

Why Blockchain for Smart Grids?

TEF use cases

lo3energy.com

low income grid option for PV

Ethereum private POA at 1 m TPS ???

DLT option with IOTA

Some blockchain challenges are relevant to DER market

energy system challenges

Energy system challenges for p2p energy trading

research challenges

consumer challenges for p2p energy mgt

Electric batteries

Graphene batteries

producing CNT - carbon nano tubes through chemical deposition on cobalt

https://www.cheaptubes.com/carbon-nanotubes-history-and-production-methods-2/#:~:text=Undoubtedly%20the%20most%20common%20method,filaments%20for%20over%20twenty%20years.

Green Ammonia energy to eliminate carbon emissions

https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/44458/green-ammonia-as-fuel-of-the-future--production-supply-chain-and-usage#:~:text=The%20main%20advantage%20of%20using,it%20a%20carbon%2Dneutral%20fuel.

The main advantage of using ammonia fuel is that since it is a carbon-free molecule, burning it inside the internal combustion engine will not produce any carbon emissions.
Furthermore, ammonia can be manufactured using renewable energy sources such as biomass, solar, and wind, thus making it a carbon-neutral fuel. 

Opportunities 

Hydrogen energy from electrolysis

https://www.yahoo.com/news/company-bring-zero-emission-energy-161311099.html

Hy Stor Energy is building a green hydrogen hub in Mississippi that will generate zero emission hydrogen energy while also creating a new industry with hundreds of jobs and economic growth for the area, according to the company.

Green Hydrogen

Green hydrogen is a form of renewable energy that is produced by splitting a water molecule into its hydrogen and oxygen parts via electrolysis. When this process is powered using renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, it has zero carbon and zero methane emissions. Hydrogen energy can be stored for long periods of time and used during extreme weather events, when the power may be out for days at a time, and can also be transported over long distances.

Salt caverns to store hydrogen

“Salt cavern geology is only found in specific locations around the world, and the Mississippi Gulf Coast is one of them. Salt caverns provide that multi-day, multi-week energy storage that can be dispatched on demand.”

Hy Stor has four salt caverns fully permitted and ten under their control in total. One is in Louisiana, and the rest are in Mississippi.

Mississippi is a strategic geographic location for the company because of the state’s naturally occurring geology and its proximity to existing distribution channels, such as the Mississippi River, deep water ports, interstate highways, railways, and gas and electric transmission lines. Having access to ports is going to be crucial for the company as they grow, expand, and seek to transport energy internationally.

Fusion Energy is making progress with AI - 220309

https://www.livescience.com/ai-controls-hydrogen-plasmas-nuclear-fusion

Nuclear fusion is one step closer with new AI breakthrough.pdf

210112 - Paramount P2P DER research

------------------
p2p.der>

product planning
> tech debt ....

EBC status (brief)
Alphastruxure
schneider elec & carlyle group
> can we be a baas for them ??

US DFC - dc
us dev bank for foreign govts
> we offer f2p, p2p.der ??
> partner w an implementer

Microgrid test in India
friend for 2 page summary
what we do, what's next? integration strategies
can test w microgrid
> test live data
> use elcrow pi kit

roadmap
mvp > pilot 1 - test > pilot 2 - live env > test other clients

metrics
how to calc roi? cust sat? growth ( rev, activity)?
timeline >> product mvp - pilot - prod

p2p solar trading in Asia - powerledger

https://www.powerledger.io/announcement/uttar-pradesh-power-corporation-limited-launches-first-p2p-solar-power-trading-in-south-asia/

Article: Is Climate Action Policy Hurting the Climate?

Do Social Values distort our views on Climate problems and solutions?

1. which countries contribute the most to carbon pollution? ( total vs per capita )

2. what are the top 5 problems in the World today?

3. what is the common factor making all 5 worse?

4. what solutions have we declared off limits?  Why?

5. In the last 60 years, has real US per capita income growth rate out paced peaceful emerging markets?

Do you really want to live in a democracy?

There are many forms of government today.

There are also many "flavors" of each.

Wherever you choose to live, you'll have little opportunity to "set the rules".

To survive well, you'll need to follow the rules and find a way to succeed within that framework.

Understand that every society comes with rules and responsibilities you have to meet.

Learning works best when you don't give answers but ask the right questions

Questions on how well government is managed

1. Should all societies have the same values, laws or should people choose the rules their society is governed by?

2. Should you make decisions on society, governance on emotion or logic?

3. common sense makes sense but is it common?

4. Is diversity a priority and a goal for a society?

5. Do we want a society that doesn't agree on core values for governance?

6. How do you resolve diversity and disagreement on core governance values?

7. Is the meta policy for policy definition and management effective?

8. Do we have clear, effective communication on facts, forecasts and opinions on expectations and consequences now? why not? how can that change?

9. If democracy is based on an educated electorate, are we in trouble now?

10. In a democracy, how should we reach consensus for policy? for action?

11. Where is diversity of ideas useful? a problem?

12. Should we reinvent the process to define legislation?

13. What should be the right process to create legislation in the US?  elsewhere?

14. Should legislation be required to define measurable goals for policies?

Is Green Energy the Right Answer Now?

1. what exactly IS green energy?  Types with full life cycle examples

2. is green energy ready to meet energy needs?

3. is green energy really green?  how green?

4. is development of green energy green?

5. when are fossil fuels more efficient, safe than green energy? ( see California )

6. is nuclear a better option than green energy as we deliver it now?

7. why isn't fusion a valid energy option?

8. What government subsidies are paid to different energy producers, distributors, consumers?

Economic Health impacted by Social Values - what's the cost of Social Policy?

1. Is economic equity or equality the right goal?  equal opportunities vs equal outcomes

2. Equality means each individual or group of people is given the same resources or opportunities.

3. Equity recognizes that each person has different circumstances and allocates the exact resources and opportunities needed to reach an equal outcome.

4. What are the UN SDGs ?

   1. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/envision2030.html

5. What is the 18th UN SDG? Population management

NE Power Policy Mismanagement: When is Green Energy Brown?

https://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/New-England-Is-One-Cold-Snap-Away-From-An-Energy-Crisis.html

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/england-one-cold-snap-away-230000107.html

energy-New England Is One Cold Snap Away From An Energy Crisis.pdf. link

energy-New England Is One Cold Snap Away From An Energy Crisis.pdf

Is nuclear fusion worth investigating? China thinks so

https://www.wionews.com/world/china-conducts-nuclear-fusion-experiment-for-artificial-sun-439314

Payoff not expected until 2040 but they are making the investments now

are climate actions policies hurting the climate?

Most people want simple answers even if the problems and solutions are complex. Just look at who we've elected to Congress.

Optimal management of a complex energy landscape with many providers, energy types, consumers and regulations on an international scale is not easy. Trying to meet energy requirements reliably, safely and cost effectively while adding some green energy options that actually provide real net reductions in carbon is challenging.

is this US government up to the challenge in your opinion?

are climate action policies hurting the climate with green energy that is really brown?

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/england-one-cold-snap-away-230000107.html

are there a better long-term options ( eg nuclear fusion ) that green energy advocates will continue to oppose?

https://www.wionews.com/world/china-conducts-nuclear-fusion-experiment-for-artificial-sun-439314

China breakthrough on Pine trees that grow fast, good wood, disease resistant

https://www.yahoo.com/finance/news/climate-change-chinas-tree-breeders-093000774.html

China's tree breeders are coming up with a business model to make money while doing right by the environment

Chinese scientists published an article in the internationally renowned journal Cell, uncovering the genetic code and the molecular mechanisms regulating the evolution of Pinus tabulaeformis, a coniferous tree native to China.

"With this breakthrough, trees can grow faster and stronger, and be less susceptible to pests and diseases," said Wang, general manager of the company with 350,000 mu (23,000 hectares) of plantation in southeastern China's Jiangxi province. "The selection and breeding of new fast-growing varieties with high yield, high timber quality and strong [disease] resistance is an effective means of improving productivity and expanding forest resources."

Carbon Forestry Programs - US

Maine Carbon Programs

Maine Forestry Program Report - 2021

https://www.maine.gov/future/sites/maine.gov.future/files/inline-files/MaineForestCarbonTaskForce_FinalReport.pdf

Maine Forestry Program Report - 2021 - file

Open

Solutions

P2P retail energy trading marketplace

ebc-reqmts-MVP-v2.docx

gdrive > blockchain > use_cases > energy

Carbon Management trading marketplace

ebc-reqmts-MVP-v2.docx

gdrive > blockchain > use_cases > energy

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