Key Points

Enterprise blockchains include: Fabric, Ethereum, Corda, Quorum, Sawtooth

References

Key Concepts

Fabric v Corda - 2018

fabric-v-corda-2018-features-medium.com-Hyperledger Fabric vs R3 Corda.pdf

corda v fabric feature compare

tokens c??? fabtoken delayed

privacy b

scale f???

finality b

batch proc ????

admin ????

languages f

interoperability b

open platform b

identity tools b???

pluggable f???

wide use cases f???

did support ????

multi cloud ????

consensus ????

default net b hyperchain, aws, ibm, azure

RAFT is ok.  It's an improvement over the others so far.
My concern is Fabric architecture decisions seem to be short-term for the next release - not strategic.
There's far more flexibility in Kafka and a bigger investment globally in that platform. Raft has advantages now over Kafka, primarily because Kafka uses Zookeeper. Kafka 5 will be fully decentralized management dropping Zookeeper. I don't think the majority of the Fabric architects understood that when they voted to use Raft

Good news with Fabric is conceptually many services are pluggable ( MSP, consensus, network protocols etc ). I think Fabric has architecture issues BUT their approach says they can improve the architecture across versions while keeping their application clients operational with minimal or no impact. Few other chains can make that claim.

Libonomy - an AI blockchain service ?

Interesting .. it's another blockchain protocol for crypto. Are there 100 or 1000 now?
It's not related to commercial or banking in any meaningful way.
The vision >> Our vision is to introduce more transparency, equality and fairness in the world.
Using AI in blockchain makes sense in many areas. Enforcing "fairness" is an insane thought.
There will be some small groups that will think this makes sense and it will move into production. Like all the other similar chains they have an investor problem so they create their own coin to finance it.

https://libonomy.com/

Our vision is to introduce more transparency, equality and fairness in the world.

https://libonomy.medium.com/how-is-libonomy-blockchain-different-from-others-8e0e7b5b7e85

new multi-layer consensus engine; by utilizing AI within the core we are able to not only optimize the consensus process, but also highly improve security

performance 

multi-pool consensus, as well as other algorithms like gossip mechanism and sharding protocol we are able to reach very high base TPS (around 6000)

interoperability ( see Besu ) nteroperability isn’t just allowing intercommunication between different public blockchains, but between different public and private chains as well.

autonomous blockchain, meaning that any sort of optimization on the chain can be executed automatically by the AI engine without any interaction required.

dynamic security - AI learns, improves and constantly tries to predict security issues by penetrating the blockchain

protect smart contract execution - Exploit-Finding and Audit Nodes that have a sole task of ensuring that smart contract processes are carried out correctly with in-built smart contract debugging feature,

Application layer on chain 

We are also introducing a completely new application layer that will consist of smart contracts, decentralized applications and coding-language independent SDK. Javascript or C++

https://github.com/libonomy

https://github.com/libonomy/libonomy-light

POS - Proof of Stake consensus

Lunie - a staking wallet 

 Lunie is a platform that allows users to safely store, manage and stake crypto assets in Proof of Stake (PoS) networks.

Lunie is a trusted Staking Wallet to securely store and stake Cosmos, Terra, and Kusama.

It involves holding funds in a cryptocurrency wallet to support the security and operations of a blockchain network. Simply put, staking is the act of locking cryptocurrencies to receive rewards. In most cases, you'll be able to stake your coins directly from your crypto wallet, such as Trust Wallet.

Staking is considered to be a cheaper and less risky way of partaking in a blockchain network’s validation process. On top of that, it is an environment-friendly way of potentially earning passive income in the digital asset markets. 

Lunie key management and backup protocols – http://help.lunie.io/en/articles/3625810-lunie-guide-to-understanding-how-to-manage-your-cryptocurrency-keys

Proof of stake is an alternative consensus algorithm that rivals Bitcoin’s proof of work. Unlike mining, which requires massive electrical power to validate transactions, staking is an eco-friendly process.

An individual partaking in network validation stakes their own coins and is subsequently rewarded more coins, proportional to the number of coins they have staked. The more coins a user stakes, the higher his or her validation power becomes.

Non-custodial vs custodial staking

https://lunie.substack.com/p/non-custodial-vs-custodial-staking

For most people, custodial management of financial assets is normal! It’s the standard option for banks, brokerages, trusts and even personal credit. In staking, we have companies like Coinbase and Binance offering “custodial staking solutions.” At Lunie, our offering is “non-custodial”. Think of it as DIY (do-it-yourself) key management and security. You have control over your private keys and how they are stored. You get to design and build the security model that works for you.

Key management - yourself or custodian?

If you practice good privacy and security hygiene and you take care of private your keys (seed phrases) you can use any app / wallet / network you want. Non-custodial options are typically very portable in this regard, providing flexibility and freedom for stakers.

If you outsource your key management to someone else (custodians) you are trusting them to take care of money and security of it on your behalf. Many of the industry leading custodians are trustworthy providers — but many are not and from a distance it might be hard to tell which are which.

With non-custodial solutions, you almost always have the ability to choose exactly the way you want to stake on any given PoS network, depending on the protocol’s rules and tooling you have access to. You can choose exactly which validators you want to stake with and for how long. On custodial services you usually don’t get to choose which validator to support and reward percentages are capped.

Other networks that offer staking for ATOM might not require a 21 day un-bonding period for un-staking and withdrawal, even though it is required on a protocol level.

Governance concepts for a network are key 

On-chain governance participation is extremely important to the future of any given blockchain that implements it. We’ve seen countless examples of non-formal governance causing a political mess in other blockchains. Therefor it is of the utmost importance that holders of cryptocurrencies which represent some share of voting power in a network participate in how the protocol evolves.

Define governance models and policies and the process to change those

Need automated governance audits with optional alerts

Polkadot 

https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/en/learn-governance

Polkadot uses a sophisticated governance mechanism that allows it to evolve gracefully over time at the ultimate behest of its assembled stakeholders. The stated goal is to ensure that the majority of the stake can always command the network.

To do this, we bring together various novel mechanisms, including an amorphous state-transition function stored on-chain and defined in a platform-neutral intermediate language (i.e. WebAssembly) and several on-chain voting mechanisms such as referenda with adaptive super-majority thresholds and batch approval voting. All changes to the protocol must be agreed upon by stake-weighted referenda.

How Network is Changed

In order to make any changes to the network, the idea is to compose active token holders and the council together to administrate a network upgrade decision. No matter whether the proposal is proposed by the public (DOT holders) or the council, it finally will have to go through a referendum to let all DOT holders, weighted by stake, make the decision.

The following steps are the governance procedure in the Polkadot network:

• Proposing Referenda
• Voting for a proposal
• Tallying

To better understand how the council is formed, please read this section.

Referenda are simple, inclusive, stake-based voting schemes. Each referendum has a specific proposal associated with it that takes the form of a privileged function call in the runtime (that includes the most powerful call: set_code, which is able to switch out the entire code of the runtime, achieving what would otherwise require a "hard fork"). They are discrete events, have a fixed period where voting happens, and then are tallied and the function call is made if the vote is approved. Referenda are always binary; your only options in voting are "aye", "nay", or abstaining entirely.

Referenda can be started in one of several ways:

• Publicly submitted proposals;
• Proposals submitted by the council, either through a majority or unanimously;

https://polkadot.network/polkadot-governance/

Polkadot has several ways for users to express their wishes for change. Besides making it easy for users to propose changes, Polkadot provides the structure for users to form collective groups that carry unique privileges.

Kusama

"The gateway includes e-commerce plugins, payment APIs, a custom checkout page, and reliable, industry-standard payment servers with high security and easily integrated payments for both merchants and the Kusama developer community."

https://libonomy.com/assets/pdf/white-paper-libonomy-v1.0.pdf

Simbachain

Potential Value Opportunities

Are Content Providers trust worthy ??? You decide

who can vote for Facebook or Twitter to provide identity management or a currency when they have hidden proprietary algorithms to manage what we see and know ?? Makes zero sense to me. Massive opportunity for publicly regulated utilities to take over this space with far better governance, accountability and transparency.

Potential Challenges

Candidate Solutions

Step-by-step guide for Example

sample code block

Recommended Next Steps

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