Key Points

a modified version of Linux with it's own GUI
2 versions: macos Intel, Apple Silicon
package installers can help w some software package installs
SDKMAN only supports a limited list of apps to install
Apple Catalina created a security problem in the shell for sudo

References

Reference_description_with_linked_URLs_____________________________________	Notes_________________________________________________________________

m Ubuntu Linux basics
m Ubuntu Bash

https://appletoolbox.com/seeing-error-operation-not-permitted-in-macos-mojave/ macos-security-disk-app-access-limit-fix-appletoolbox.com gdrv	Issue> Apple Catalina created a security problem in the shell for sudo
iphone wifi hotspot setup iphone-hotspot-setup-2021-support.apple.com-How to set up a Personal Hotspot on your iPhone or iPad.pdf

Java installs
java-macos-2019-Working with multiple Java versions in MacOS - Bruno Frascino - Medium.pdf https://drive.google.com/open?id=1QYnItfckqML75FL7EwAqAvxcjg0XP64b	Homebrew - multiple Java version install
https://java.tutorials24x7.com/blog/how-to-install-openjdk-12-on-macos	Install JDK12 – target JDK 11 for groovy 3 and LTS
https://openjdk.java.net/install/	OpenJDK installs - no MACOS for JDK11
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase-downloads.html	Oracle JDK installs
https://medium.com/@brunofrascino/working-with-multiple-java-versions -in-macos-9a9c4f15615a	Multiple JDKs on MACOS _ use separate bash shells to set JDK env

https://macpaw.com/how-to/how-to-upgrade-your-mac-to-macos-sierra	Upgrade to MACOS Sierra


https://trevorsullivan.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Trevor- Sullivan-VI-Shortcuts.pdf vim-keys-Trevor-Sullivan-VI-Shortcuts.pdf https://drive.google.com/file/d/1R5y5hwSEDsFzSRc7qqWzswy9TbjFaCIN/view?usp=sharing	VIM shortcuts on MACOS - Sullivan
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxqKQGV-b4WQMVV0WWYtUTREWEE/view?usp=sharing	VIM cheatsheet
https://www.howtogeek.com/356942/how-to-view-the-system-log-on-a-mac/#:~:text=%E2%80%9C~Library%2FLogs%E2%80%9D%20is,for%20low% 2Dlevel%20system%20services.	MACOS system console app

Key Concepts

Apple Laptops

https://www.macrumors.com/guide/m2-macbook-pro-vs-14-and-16-inch-macbook-pro/

mac-laptops-2022-macrumors.com-M2 MacBook Pro vs 14- and 16-Inch MacBook Pro Buyers Guide.pdf file

mac-laptops-2022-macrumors.com -M2 MacBook Pro vs 14- and 16-Inch MacBook Pro Buyers Guide.pdf link

MAC Air setup

https://support.apple.com/guide/macbook-air/set-up-your-mac-apd831707cb3/mac

initial setup

open laptop
select language, country, WIFI network connection

For EACH USER - create a valid local user id related to the apple.id

signin or create appleid
after appleid signin
create a local computer account
>> rowxn#262xnn
11
after optional Siri setup you login using your local id, password
setup fingerprint access ( as option to enter password ) to access admin features

Ensure Google Chrome and Google Drive are accessed for your local account

Validate access to KEY apps including Google Chrome Browser, Google Drive, DuckDuckGo Browser
IF Chrome or Drive are NOT installed, then use the Safari browser to download them ( search "Google Chrome Browser")
- Download and Setup KEY apps including Google Chrome Browser, Google Drive, DuckDuckGo Browser
- Validate access to KEY apps including Google Chrome Browser, Google Drive, DuckDuckGo Browser

From Apple App store IF POSSIBLE - Setup other apps - GIMP and ?

MACOS system console app

https://www.howtogeek.com/356942/how-to-view-the-system-log-on-a-mac/#:~:text=%E2%80%9C~Library%2FLogs%E2%80%9D%20is,for%20low%2Dlevel%20system%20services.

Your Mac keeps system logs, which can help diagnose and troubleshoot problems with macOS and your installed applications. These logs are stored as plain-text log files on your Mac’s system drive, and macOS also includes an app for viewing them.

To view your Mac system logs, launch the Console app. You can launch it with Spotlight search by pressing Command+Space, typing “Console,” and then pressing Enter. You’ll also find it at Finder > Applications > Utilities > Console.

The Console app, also known as Console.app, is like a Windows Event Viewer for Mac.

More logs are available under Reports. To see application crash and freeze logs, click either “System Reports” for system applications or “User Reports” for user applications. You’ll see a variety of logs with file extensions like .crash, .diag, and .spin. Click them to view them in the Info pane.

Admin user account mgt

The admin user can add other new accounts to the local system

When adding a new account, you create the new account name, password

set the user type to standard or admin based on the authority you want the new user have to manage the local computer

after that, have the new user login and go through normal account setup

User account vs Login Keychain passwords

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201609

The password of your macOS user account might not match the password of your login keychain. Either create a new login keychain or update it with your new password.

After you or your Mac administrator resets the password of your macOS user account, your Mac might ask you to update your keychain password or enter the password of your login keychain. It might also tell you that the system was unable to unlock your login keychain. That's because your login keychain is still using your old password.

If you don't know your old password
If you don't know your old password, the solution is to create a new login keychain.

If you know your old password
If you know your old password, use that password to update your existing login keychain:

Open the Keychain Access app, which is in the the Utilities folder of your Applications folder.
From the list of keychains on the left side of the window, select "login."
From the Edit menu in the menu bar, choose “Change Password for Keychain 'login.'”
Enter the old password of your user account in the Current Password field. This is the password you were using before the password was reset.
Enter the new password of your user account in the New Password field. This is the password you're now using to log in to your Mac. Enter the same password in the Verify field.

Manage users from CLI with DSCL

To change Mac OS X's users and groups from the command line you want to use a command called dscl.

To create a new group (change groupName to your group name - avoid spaces, shortusername should be your short user name):

dscl . -create /Groups/groupName
dscl . -create /Groups/groupName name groupName
dscl . -create /Groups/groupName passwd "*"
dscl . -create /Groups/groupName gid 33
dscl . -create /Groups/groupName GroupMembership shortusername

If you want to use Workgroup Manager; you need to open the application and login onto localhost using your username and password. (This all assumes you're a local administrator). Once in the program:

Click on the Groups tab on the left side. The icon with multiple people.
Click New Group from the toolbar
Enter a name, and set the Group ID: to 33
Click on the Members tab, and then press the '+' button and drag and drop your user name into the list.
Press Save, then quit the program.

Install and Configuration

java-macos-2019-Working with multiple Java versions in MacOS - Bruno Frascino - Medium.pdf

Application Install Problems

https://gadgetstouse.com/blog/2021/04/08/fix-macos-cannot-verify-app-is-free-from-malware/#:~:text=Open%20the%20Apple%20menu%20and,tried%20opening%20the%20blocked%20app.

Open the Apple menu and go to System Preferences. Head to Security & Privacy and tap the General tab. Here, you'll see an “Open Anyway” button for the app that's giving issues. The button would only be available for an hour after you tried opening the blocked app.

Configuration Issues

issue> run Intel software on Macbook with Apple processors ( M1, M2)

Rosetta driver ( free Apple download ) install to map Intel binaries to Apple MX processors
may work

Issue> Apple Catalina created a security problem in the shell for sudo with access restrictions

https://appletoolbox.com/seeing-error-operation-not-permitted-in-macos-mojave/

Error: “Operation not permitted?”

Working with your Mac’s Terminal Utility but getting the error message “Operation not permitted?” Are Terminal commands that used to work in macOS High Sierra and Sierra not working?

this error on advanced commands like super-user sudo and change ownership chown commands but also on simple commands like the list directory command ls and others. What a mess!

easy to fix–we just need to update some of your Mac’s security and protection settings!

SIP still allows access to some directories, like ~/Applications, but totally locks down others like ~/System or ~/usr.

Granting Terminal or An App Full Disk Access

Default MAC Key functions

__keys___	_function. . . . ..
cmd + tab	rotate apps
cmd + tilde	rotate app windows
cmd + alt + esc	force quit apps menu
bottom center of key pad	open pop up menu in a browser
cmd + alt + i	open dev tools in a browser
shift + cmd + 5	set folder for screen shots
opt + cmd + power	goes to sleep
ctl + cmd + power	force restart

Managing screenshots on MAC

https://www.macrumors.com/how-to/change-screenshots-folder/

MAC Keyboard shortcuts

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201236#:~:text=Option%E2%80%93Command%E2%80%93Power%20button*,Put%20your%20displays%20to%20sleep.

Bash commands

process mgt

ps -ax

ps -ax | egrep -i '.*chrome.*' | cut -d \t -f 1

The default interactive shell is now zsh.
To update your account to use zsh, please run `chsh -s /bin/zsh`

## get the pid for all Chrome processes and kill them
ps -A | grep 'Chrome' | kill -9 $(cut -c 1-5)

executing bash in CLI from another shell ( rshell or ? )

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

how to disable itunes permanently

https://superuser.com/questions/88614/is-it-possible-to-uninstall-or-disable-itunes-in-os-x

If you want to just disable it, run sudo chmod -x /Applications/iTunes.app
It won't work anymore.

If you want it back, just sudo chmod +x /Applications/iTunes.app

On more recent versions of macOS, you may need to disable SIP:

Power off your device
Power on your device while maintaining ⌘ and R pressed
Once you reach the recovery system, select Terminal from the Utilities menu
Type csrutil disable and then reboot

If you want to revert that back to the original protection, run the same steps but replace with csrutil enable at step 4.

Check the current status with csrutil status in any terminal window.

#find - find command examples

find ./ -iregex '.*' -mtime 150d 2>/dev/null -exec ls -l {} \; | more

jim-macbook:Google Drive (not syncing) jimmason$ find ./ -iregex '.*doc.*' -mtime -250d 2>/dev/null -exec ls -l {} \; | more

-rw-r--r-- 1 jimmason staff 121 Jul 20 21:58 .//_save/.~lock.__IBMSDP3_contacts-v2.docx#

-rw-------@ 1 jimmason staff 188927 Jul 20 21:58 .//_save/__IBMSDP3_contacts-v2.docx

Homebrew install & docs

doc

https://brew.sh/

install

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

<< creates folders - opt/homebrew

==> Installation successful!

==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.

Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:

https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics

==> Next steps:

- Run these two commands in your terminal to add Homebrew to your PATH:

(echo; echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"') >> /Users/jimmason/.zprofile

eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"

- Run brew help to get started

- Further documentation:

https://docs.brew.sh

zshell - updated bash environment for terminal windows

zshell user profile script updated above. ( ~/.zprofile )

vim ./.zprofile

Terminal and iTerm2

man screen

By default, each command

begins with a control-a (abbreviated C-a from now on), and is followed by one other keystroke.

Screen does not understand the prefix "C-" to mean control. Please use the caret notation ("^A" instead of "C-a") as arguments to e.g. the escape command or the -e option

managing terminal windows

split >> CMD - D

change >> CMD - ] or CMD - [ // switches terminal instances, NOT terminal panes

close split >> SHFT - CMD - D

Use cmd + d for vertical split and cmd + shift + d for horizontal split

To navigate between the vertical splits in left/right or up/down fashion use cmd + [ and cmd + ]

I recommended iTerm 2 because of these features.

Also, I like the autocomplete feature which occurs when you press cmd + ;

Features in short include the following:

Split Panes
Hotkey Window
Search
Autocomplete
Mouseless Copy
Paste History
Instant Replay
Configurability
Full Screen
256 Colors
Unix-like
Readability
Mouse Reporting
Growl Support
Exposé Tabs
Tagged Profiles
Multi-Lingual

using 2 terminal window instances together

If you like to work with your terminal windows in fullscreen, you can use macOS' built in screen splitting feature like so:

Open two terminal windows
Toggle one of the terminal windows fullscreen
Activate 'Mission Control' (default: F3)
Drag the second terminal window onto the first's fullscreen space
Enjoy your vertically split fullscreen terminal windows

You can switch keyboard focus between terms with ⌘-[ and ⌘-]

vim cheatsheet

https://phoenixnap.com/kb/vim-commands-cheat-sheet

Vim Commands Cheat Sheet pdf link

Other vim guides

https://github.com/sk3pp3r/cheat-sheet-pdf/blob/master/pdf/vim-cheat-sheet.pdf

https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~15131/f17/topics/vim/vim-cheatsheet.pdf

SDKMan installed to manage software installs

https://sdkman.io/install

curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash

JDKs to install w SDKMAN

SDKs to install as candidates
Available SDKs Ant AsciidoctorJ Bpipe BTrace Ceylon Concurnas CRaSH CUBA CLI CXF docToolchain Dotty Gaiden Glide Gradle Grails Groovy GroovyServ http4k Infrastructor JBake J'Bang Karaf Kotlin kscript Lazybones Leiningen Maven Micronaut Mule Flow Diagrams sbt Scala Spark Spring Boot Sshoogr Vert.x VisualVM

Install a specific Groovy version in a specific location

sdk install groovy 3.0.4 /Users/jimmason/_dev/groovy30

Applications

Finder Utility - keyword search

https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/narrow-search-results-mh15155/mac

Finder video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIUz6y_4A6A

Finder keyword search

https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/narrow-search-results-mh15155/mac

Configuration files for Developer apps

Path = ~/_dev/scripts

jim-macbook:~ jimmason$ ls _dev/scripts

RunJdbcTester1.groovy

RunJdbcTester4.groovy

setDerbyPath.sh

RunJdbcTester2.groovy com

setGroovy.sh

RunJdbcTester3.groovy

gtest1a.groovy

setMysqlPath.sh

XCode free Developer toolset from App Store

takes 30 GB

Xcode is Apple's integrated development environment (IDE) for macOS, used to develop software for macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, and tvOS. ... Xcode includes Command Line Tools (CLT), which enable UNIX-style development via the Terminal app in macOS. They can also be downloaded and installed without the main IDE.

the CLT can be downloaded separately

Manage Disk Space

https://support.apple.com/guide/disk-utility/welcome/mac

apple > about this mac > storage > manage

Find and free up files

https://support.apple.com/guide/system-information/find-and-delete-files-syspf5a64aa6/mac

free up storage space

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT206996

Removal opportunities

Downloads

Documents

Old apps

Library ??? Mail reviews to archive and ???

Other users

Windows options?

Vbox

Crossover ??

Wine ??

myadm

drop gdrive link in backup ( use web access to gdrive on myadm
move agithub admx to g.archive
clear Documents folder

Manage file permissions as admin ( zip and other )

https://www.howtogeek.com/669095/how-to-set-file-permissions-on-mac/

https://appuals.com/fix-unable-to-expand-zip-file-on-mac/

https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-to-make-a-zip-file-on-a-mac/

Potential Value Opportunities

Apple Preview App edits PDF docs

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201740

https://pdf.wondershare.com/pdf-editor-mac/add-image-to-pdf-preview.html

You can set a signature image in the app to add anywhere on a doc

Potential Challenges

After Catalina upgrade, Bash man, info cmds missing

https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/221597/os-x-el-capitan-man-command-not-found

step 1 - upgrade xcode to latest version from app store

Apple publishes the source code for the open source parts of OSX. So the source for "man" is retrievable from https://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/man/ . The latest version (as of this writing) is v1.6c. Provided you have at least the Command Line Tools installed (you can run xcode-select --install to get them if you don’t):

curl -LORf 'https://opensource.apple.com/tarballs/man/man-16.tar.gz'
tar -xzvf man-16.tar.gz
cd man-16/man

# Undo an Apple patch that adds a dependency on 'xcselect.h',
# which is something that Apple doesn't appear to distribute.
patch -R -p0 <../patches/PR11291804-xcode.diff

./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install

That done, the man binary should be available at /usr/local/bin/man. Also note that you might need to run hash -r to clear the hash table of any instances of /usr/bin/man that may be lingering there from the last time you ran man before the addition to /usr/local/bin/ will be picked up.

Manage MACOS disk space

Manage MACOS memory usage

In macOS Activity Monitor, "Wired memory" is essential for system operation and cannot be cached or swapped out, while "App memory" is used by running applications, and "Compressed memory" is RAM that's been compressed to free up space for other processes. [1, 2, 3]

Here's a more detailed explanation of each: [1, 2, 4, 5]

Wired Memory: This memory is crucial for the system to function and cannot be paged out to disk or compressed. It's used for essential kernel code, data structures, and other low-level system components that need immediate access. [1, 2, 4, 5]
App Memory: This represents the amount of RAM currently being used by running applications and their processes. [1, 2, 3]
Compressed Memory: This is RAM that has been compressed to free up space for other processes. macOS uses memory compression to avoid swapping memory to disk, which can be slower. [1, 2, 3, 6]

Generative AI is experimental.

[1] https://support.apple.com/guide/activity-monitor/view-memory-usage-actmntr1004/mac

[2] https://bjango.com/help/istatmenus5/terminology/

[3] https://blog.greggant.com/posts/2024/07/03/macos-memory-management.html

[4] https://www.reddit.com/r/MacOS/comments/puqbe7/what_is_this_wired_memory_compressed_memory_why/

[5] https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3943963

[6] https://www.lifewire.com/understanding-compressed-memory-os-x-2260327

Reconnect HP Wifi Printers to MAC

https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/c06184808

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fs-Bg-RrexFzD5fUobTFQFwt6bJ1tLst/view?usp=sharing

HP Printers - Troubleshoot a Wi-Fi Printer Connection _ HP® Customer Support.pdf

Candidate Solutions

How to show or hide the MAC desktop with other windows open

CMD + F3 > will either show or hide the MAC desktop based on whether the desktop is showing now

Run Windows apps on MACOS - Options

https://www.howtogeek.com/187359/5-ways-to-run-windows-software-on-a-mac/

windows-apps-on-mac-2020-howtogeek-5 Ways to Run Windows Software on a Mac.pdf

VirtualBox — need valid Windows software license though
Crossover - free but some compatibility issues
Wine - free emulator but need to see how well an app is supported
1. maybe better option ? virtualbox w ubuntu and wine there where compatibility is higher than macos
remote desktop to windows system - use Windows or Chrome remote desktop

Screen Shots - copy to file or copy to clipboard

Take a screen shot - copy to file

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201361

SHFT + CMD + 4

Take a screen shot - copy to clipboard for paste

CTL + CMD + SHFT + 4

Crop a circle image clip using Apple Preview App

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l30Ewrq6zM

Open image in preview
View >> Show Markup Toolbar
Markup Toolbar >> Far Left Drop down >> Select Elliptical selection
hold shift key while draging to ensure the crop stays in a circle shape
press CMD + K to create a crop
paste the image into a target document

QuickTime - record, play videos

we recorded a screen video on the problem of switching between confluence sites and the related user accounts to log in to those sites

good video on how to use QuickTime

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prUVS0HF2gU

QuickTime bugs in catalina

the .mov file will ALWAYS be saved to the Desktop when you stop the video ( the setting for video folder is ignored )

record a screen movie

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208721

quicktime-record-play-movies-How to record the screen on your Mac.pdf

iMovie - video editing tool

how to trim, cut, delete clips in iMovie

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rR2Nym2glGI

Cut clip and delete
create project
add media file
open in timeline by double-clicking on the opened movie ( x to close timeline )
1. OR drag a movie from the top left on to the timeline to replace the existing movie
find start and end of points to clip in timeline
cmd B to mark start and end
cursor over split clip
select delete to delete clip
save as new video file to a folder

time and edit clips in timeline

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9wRxmTlKCA

save a timeline clip to a file

you can select/edit/copy a clip in the timeline, and edit/paste it into a newly created project, that you can share out

complete iMovie tutorial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjgkMt0wP7w

Save a movie to a file

Exporting Your Video From iMovie

To export your video, start by clicking on File in the menu bar, hover over Share and then click File.
The Exporting options dialog box will open. ...
The size, or resolution, will effect how big your exported file is and how long it takes to export.

Error export a clip to a file with the share option

https://www.saintlad.com/imovie-wont-export/

Let’s get started.

Step-by-step guide for Example

sample code block

sample code block

Browser not supported