m Blockchain Use Cases More
- jim mason
- jimm1
Key Points
- Some interesting blockchain solutions have been listed under Candidate Solutions below
- There are multiple blockchain frameworks and platforms available
- Some target enterprise, permissioned blockchain requirements like Hyperledger
References
Key Groups
list of blockchain solutions and projects in public sector
Blockchain in Public Sector gsheet
India Blockchain Projects - Kamlesh Nagware
https://www.linkedin.com/company/hyperledger-india-chapter/
https://lists.hyperledger.org/g/community-india-chapter
here are few examples available in fabric-samples and also fabric-token-sdk could be considered for this lab.
https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/tree/main/token-erc-721
https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/tree/main/token-erc-1155
https://github.com/hyperledger-labs/fabric-token-sdk
Hyperledger Challenge 2022
https://wiki.hyperledger.org/display/events/Hyperledger+Challenge+2022
Blockchain report - 2023 - power of blockchain and use cases - Agile Dynamics
blockchain-power-of-use-cases-report-2023-agile-dynamics pdf. link
blockchain-power-of-use-cases-report-2023-agile-dynamics.pdf file
Key Concepts
verified.me SecureKey design
Design overview for Fabric with proposed enhancements for DID, Indy support
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ENMO-S7i0ef09IRx5teE-eJbRMFsaKSXEdatcufvjPM/edit
SecureKey Technologies is launching an interoperability initiative aimed at establishing common standards and development frameworks for next generation digital identity networks.
Contributions
We will support the efforts within the Hyperledger and Decentralized Identity Foundation (DIF) communities to help create innovative distributed ledger technologies and digital identity networks. We believe that creating cross-project and cross-network standardization and interop along with common development frameworks represents the next step in transforming the digital identity space. In particular we support, and look forward to contributing to, the efforts of Hyperledger Fabric, Indy and the newly proposed Aries project along with DIF’s Identity Hub efforts.
Contributions will be directed towards the community projects above as well as open project extensions within the TrustBloc initiative.
In particular, we will contribute:
- Hyperledger Fabric performance and customization improvements. We are excited to contribute improvements we learned while building and taking our network operational.
- Enable DIDs to be managed and exposed from Fabric, and more generically enabling document provenance.
- A model for digital identity exchange based on DIDs, Verifiable Credentials, and Hubs.
- Efforts towards interoperability with the newly proposed Hyperledger Aries project, in order to use a Fabric-based ledger and our digital identity model. We think it’s critical to allow variation on top of a common base.
- Tooling and demos to enhance developer experiences building digital identity networks.
About SecureKey
SecureKey builds identity networks like Verified.Me, the Canadian identity sharing Network supported by seven major banks, mobile operators, a major credit agency, and other providers in Canada. Verified.Me provides a user centric, privacy protecting identity platform for services that trust the individual’s identity established at their financial institution and other connected organizations. Users can link in account information across services for a convenient but highly reliable digital identity where information is delivered in real time.
Technical Brief
In the following diagram, we provide an overview of the components related to the TrustBloc initiative. We will follow-up with additional details and data exchange flows.
Energy Trading on the Grid Solutions
energy - electric grid trading in Switerland
EWF is now focusing on leveraging blockchain and other digital technologies to accelerate the energy transition, especially in relation to two primary use cases: 1) enhancing energy sector traceability and 2) unlocking grid flexibility from customer-owned resources.
To support enterprise-grade solutions in these domains, EWF is transitioning its technology approach from a blockchain-only architecture to the Energy Web Decentralized Operating System (EW-DOS), a stack of open-source software and standards including the Energy Web Chain. EW-DOS leverages self-sovereign decentralized identifiers, a series of decentralized registries, messaging services, and integrations with legacy information technology (IT) systems to facilitate transactions between billions of assets, customers, grid operators, service providers, and retailers. This stack is a common digital, decentralized infrastructure that’s owned by none but managed and maintained by all.
“Customers are on track to invest more in the grid than utilities by 2030—including adding an estimated 3.5 billion internet-connected DERs to existing electric grids by 2030. But today’s power grids and electricity markets are not designed for a customer-centric future,” explained EWF chief commercial officer Jesse Morris. “Asset and customer information is fragmented across multiple siloed systems and is often invisible to grid operators. Consequently, assets remain largely isolated from core system planning and operation functions, and DERs in particular are chronically underutilized and frequently fail to capture their full potential value. We aim to overcome these issues with EW-DOS.”
EW-DOS works by completely inverting today’s system of top-down, unilateral management of energy-sector data acquisition and management. Instead, EW-DOS is a tool for establishing decentralized digital “passports” for every customer, asset, service provider, and authority in a given electricity system. Two initial deployments are already under way: 1) integrating small-scale customers into the wholesale balancing market in Austria with Austrian Power Grid AG and 2) bringing to life a first-of-its-kind renewables marketplace in Southeast Asia with PTT.
White paper
ewf-grid-trading-EnergyWeb-EWDOS-VisionPurpose-vFinal-20191211.pdf
Potential Value Opportunities
BAAS using swt.hlf
swt.bc.pet.reg
swt.bc.pet.meds
swt.bc.tyc.contractor
swt.bc.datf
swt.bc.registry
swt.bc.auctions
swt.bc.
Potential Challenges
Blockchain Project Failures
ASX Chairman Apologizes After Writing Off $165 Million Blockchain Project
top reasons why enterprise blockchain projects fail and how to circumvent them
blockchain fails to gain traction in the enterprise - 2022 - wsj
A.P. Moller-Maersk and IBM announced last month that they would discontinue a blockchain-based program to track shipments.
( blockchain ) has been viewed by some companies as a way to drive industry-transforming projects, among them the tracking of assets through complex supply chains.
So far, that hasn’t happened.
blockchain challenges
- the complexity of the technology,
- the time required to get a blockchain into operation
- the difficulties in enlisting participants.
- participants may not have the right infrastructure ( BAAS then ? )
Success, however, may come with
- smaller projects: ones involving fewer participants,
- with clear returns on investment
- and that don’t try to transform an entire sector all at once, experts say.
Walmart said it took time to get buy-in from suppliers who found the onboarding process daunting. Many didn’t have digital record-keeping systems and had to make large upfront investments before they could start using blockchain, Walmart said.
problems with blockchain technology
a blockchain is a network of nodes. Nodes are devices connected to that blockchain using the software. Nodes validate every transaction or exchange of data that occurs within the blockchain. Furthermore, most public blockchains allow anyone to create and operate a node, making blockchain a decentralized and transparent system.
security - blockchains are only as secure as their weakest link. For example, if someone wanted access to data shared within an exclusive blockchain, they only need access to one node in it. ( see security layers, mutual TLS, encryption, cold wallets, enclaves, SSI )
identity and consensus - They use different methods of voting to reach a consensus. In this case, each node that has an identity gets a vote. Majority wins! There are issues with proof of identity consensus algorithms, such as minorities being sidelined or manipulating smaller blockchain networks ( see other consensus governance models )
proof of stake - This one concerns the stakeholders in a blockchain. The weight of your vote is directly proportional to the stake you hold in a blockchain. That means if you own a majority of the assets in a blockchain, you rule! ( see governance rules )
transparency - on a public blockchain - if a supply chain becomes transparent, so will the data of all the customers and partners dealing with that business. ( see Polygon Nightfall for Ethereum private transactions )
scalability - redundancy of blockchains makes them hard to scale
regulations - Decentralization of authority means there's no one power to enforce law and order in the network. No moderators, no leaders, not even a regulatory body in systems that run in multiple jurisdictions
transaction speed - finalization time - Due to the decentralized nature of blockchain, each transaction must be verified by the nodes before it's accepted as a block. In centralized systems, trust is put in a central governing body (government or bank), which allows them to process millions of transactions per day.
energy consumption - for Bitcoin only
9 Reasons Blockchain Projects Fail (And How to Succeed)
https://securityboulevard.com/2023/01/9-reasons-blockchain-projects-fail-and-how-to-succeed/
Lack of Vision and Understanding of the Purpose of Blockchain < Stick to where transparency and accountability is wanted and needed: Critical, regulated supply chains with governance, risk and compliance requirements < BOA - Blockchain Opportunity Assessment
Building a Consortium - stakeholder alignment involved in blockchain are hard work, particularly if not all stakeholders are aligned with your mission or members will come and go < define economic value for all roles, organization sizes < BOA - Blockchain Opportunity Assessment
Fear of Choosing the Wrong Technology - use technologies that hedge against lock-in to future obsolescence and allow for quick pivots. < Firefly or ? < BOA & POC
The Expense of Blockchain - the cost-to-benefit ratio will not be the same for all players. < virtualize blockchain < BOA
Competitor-Led Platforms - hard to build trust among businesses that compete < consider GSBN - all data on-chain encrypted - sensitive data off-chain < BOA & Consortium
Cybersecurity and Key Management gaps - either failure to implement stronger security or stronger security is too inconvenient < consider automated ssi paired with existing IAM < Security Assessment & POC
Unpredictable Budgets - public chains have fees that are often not stable to run. private chains can have high cloud expenses to operate multiple nodes < avoid platforms without stable fee models if activity will be high. consider low-cost cloud without al the add-on services from the cloud provider or smaller on-prem server capacity to start till ROI delivers < BOA & POC
Regulatory Compliance - personally identifiable information (PII) and, in some regions, the right to be forgotten < look at Polygon Nightfall coming or private blockchains where the control is higher < BOA
VCRS Keys to a successful community DLT solution
FIT > evaluate the use case to see if blockchain adds value using a blockchain decision matrix < BOA
LOGICAL SYSTEM > separate logical system membership from the burdens of operating physical blockchain nodes < BOA
ECONOMIC VALUE > define a sustainable positive net economic value for each member role on the blockchain < BOA
ONBOARDING > provide simple with easy onboarding < BOA & POC
FREEMIUM > provide freemium option for new members to find value for a period of time or low volumes < BOA
PRICING > Transparent pricing can help you onboard your consortium with minimal friction < BOA
SIMPLER SOLUTION > Augment existing processes by amplifying or simplifying. < BOA
AUTOMATE > Automate data quality, flows using on-chain, off-chain channels correctly < BOA
TECHNOLOGY INVISIBILITY > Blockchain should be just another technology enabler in the solution network that doesn't create problems for the consortium members < be careful on NFR levels < BOA
USER EXPERIENCE > Member companies and users shouldn't have high complexity or risks in using the system < simplify the use of wallets, tokens, icons to show results and automate where possible complex background services ( custody, verifications etc ) < BOA & POC
INTEGRATION > Integrate existing systems using apis, grpc, messaging, events, database and more to blockchain maximizing reuse and adaptability with automated verifications minimizing change impacts on users where feasible < BOA & POC
STANDARDS > Define or use an existing standard business process and data models for the industry with business rules for key features < simplifies complexity, improves business ownership, quality < BOA
GOVERNANCE > sustainable solutions that grow value over time have strong community governance processes < BOA & POC
OBSOLESCENCE > minimize technology dependencies, improve modularization to reduce costs of technology changes < BOA
Candidate Solutions
IBM Food Trust Network
| https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/solutions/food-trust | IBM Food Trust Network |
| https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/E9DBNDJG | Food Trust Overview ( view here ) |
| https://github.com/IBM/IFT-Developer-Zone/wiki/doc-Message-Types | Message Types |
| https://github.com/IBM/IFT-Developer-Zone/wiki/APIs | Food Trust API's |
| https://food.ibm.com/ift/api/connector/swagger-ui.html | Swagger Tests for API's |
| https://www.gs1.org/sites/default/files/docs/epc/EPCIS-Standard-1.2-r-2016-09-29.pdf | EPICS standard for trading partners |
Food Trust Value List
| Value | Features | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Safety | Transparency Traceability | Trace food instantly – with end-to-end supply chain data visibility – to help ensure food safety and regulatory compliance. |
| Supply chain efficiency | Shared immutable ledger | Access a shared and immutable digital ledger in real time – rather than ink on paper – to find choke points and uncover opportunities to speed your supply chain. |
| Food Freshness | Traceability Shared data | Gain instant and efficient food tracing from source to consumer to more accurately judge peak freshness and remaining shelf life – and reduce product loss. |
| Sustainability | Shared data Immutable ledger Smart contracts | Rely on shared data and an immutable ledger to help ensure the promised quality of products and that food comes from a sustainable source. Smart contracts improve data quality |
| Brand Trust | Transparency Traceability | Gain a competitive advantage as you add transparency and specificity about the sourcing of your food products. Build trust in the safety and quality of your brand. |
| Food waste | Shared data | Identify waste hot spots and speed responsiveness using better visibility into your food supply chain. Reduce costly food waste and boost your bottom line. |
| Food Fraud | Shared data Immutable ledger Smart contracts | Data-sharing across the food supply helps eliminate chances for fraud and errors – and can help preserve the integrity of raw materials, products, and packaging. |
Verified.me - a secure blockchain identity framework for Canadian banks on IBM Blockchain
Verified.Me, by SecureKey Technologies Inc., is the new and secure way to help you verify your identity, so you can quickly get access to the services and products you want online, in person and on the phone.
Verified.Me helps verify your identity using personal information that you consent to share from your Connections, like your financial institution, with service providers you want to transact with.
https://verified.me/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/VerifiedMe_General_Overview_Script_EN-1.pdf
Fetch.AI - smart blockchain tokenomics framework
Agents
Fetch.AI is a decentralised digital world in which useful economic activity takes place. This activity is performed by Autonomous Agents. These are digital entities that can transact independently of human intervention and can represent themselves, devices, services or individuals. Agents can work alone or together to construct solutions to today’s complex problems.
Open Economic Framework
The digital world in which agents live is called the Open Economic Framework (OEF). This world acts as the ultimate value exchange dating agency: each agent sees a space optimised in real-time just for them, where important things are clear and visible and less important things are simply removed. The OEF provides the senses for agents: their sight, touch and hearing to present to them a world unique to the viewer.
Smart Ledger
Underpinning the digital world is the smart ledger: a new generation of learning ledger that provides a collective super-intelligence to support agents’ individual intelligences. It provides market intelligence, previously locked up in centralised silos, to everyone so that any agent that wants something is assured of the shortest possible route to find another that has it. Fetch.AI’s smart ledger scales to support millions of transactions per second and is able to restructure itself to present the OEF’s digital world to the agents that use it.
Step-by-step guide for Example
sample code block